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The effects of occupation-based social position on mortality in a large American cohort

Author

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  • Gregorio, D.I.
  • Walsh, S.J.
  • Paturzo, D.

Abstract

Objectives. Four occupation-based measures were used to derive estimates of social position's effect on all-cause mortality among men and women in a large national cohort. Methods. The National Longitudinal Mortality Study provided information on principal occupation and 9-year follow-up for 229 851 persons aged 25 through 64 years. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to estimate the age-adjusted risk of death relative to six ordinal categories of social position. The Slope Index of Inequality described average change in death rates across categories. Results. Risk of death was consistently elevated among persons at lower positions in the social hierarchy. Estimates comparing lowest with highest categories varied within a narrow range (1.47- 1.92 for men and 1.23-1.55 for women). However, several discrepancies among analyses were noted. The analysis by US census groups revealed nonlinear associations, whereas those using other scales found incremental increases in risk. Effect modification by sex was observed for analyses by two of the four measures. Race/ethnicity did not modify the underlying association between variables. Conclusions. Our analysis complements previous findings and supports, with few qualifications, the interchangeability of occupation based measures of social position in mortality studies. Explanations for why relative risk estimates were modified by sex are offered.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregorio, D.I. & Walsh, S.J. & Paturzo, D., 1997. "The effects of occupation-based social position on mortality in a large American cohort," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(9), pages 1472-1475.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1997:87:9:1472-1475_1
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    Cited by:

    1. Fujishiro, Kaori & Xu, Jun & Gong, Fang, 2010. "What does "occupation" represent as an indicator of socioeconomic status?: Exploring occupational prestige and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(12), pages 2100-2107, December.
    2. Antonio Rodríguez & Sunny Collings & Ping Qin, 2008. "Socio-economic differences in suicide risk vary by sex : A population-based case-control study of 18-65 year olds in Denmark," Development Research Working Paper Series 05/2008, Institute for Advanced Development Studies.
    3. Su, Dejun, 2009. "Occupational career and risk of mortality among US Civil War Veterans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 460-468, August.
    4. Nicola E Stanczyk & Eline S Smit & Daniela N Schulz & Hein de Vries & Catherine Bolman & Jean W M Muris & Silvia M A A Evers, 2014. "An Economic Evaluation of a Video- and Text-Based Computer-Tailored Intervention for Smoking Cessation: A Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Utility Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-14, October.
    5. Woojin Chung & Hanjoong Kim & Seungji Lim & Sunmi Lee & Kyungsook Cho, 2009. "Factors influencing cigarette smoking and quantified implications for anti-smoking policy: evidence from South Korea," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 54(6), pages 409-419, December.

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