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Trends in personal belief exemption rates among alternative private schools: Waldorf, Montessori, and holistic Kindergartens in California, 2000-2014

Author

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  • Brennan, J.M.
  • Bednarczyk, R.A.
  • Richards, J.L.
  • Allen, K.E.
  • Warraich, G.J.
  • Omer, S.B.

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate trends in rates of personal belief exemptions (PBEs) to immunization requirements for private kindergartens in California that practice alternative educational methods. Methods.Weused California Department ofPublic Health dataon kindergartenPBErates from 2000 to 2014 to compare annual average increases in PBE rates between schools. Results. Alternative schools had an average PBE rate of 8.7%, compared with 2.1% among public schools. Waldorf schools had the highest average PBE rate of 45.1%, which was 19 timeshigher than inpublic schools (incidence rate ratio = 19.1;95%confidence interval = 16.4, 22.2).Montessori and holistic schools had the highest average annual increases in PBE rates, slightly higher than Waldorf schools (Montessori: 8.8%; holistic: 7.1%; Waldorf: 3.6%). Conclusions. Waldorf schools had exceptionally high average PBE rates, and Montessori and holistic schools had higher annual increases in PBE rates. Children in these schools may be at higher risk for spreading vaccine-preventable diseases if trends are not reversed.

Suggested Citation

  • Brennan, J.M. & Bednarczyk, R.A. & Richards, J.L. & Allen, K.E. & Warraich, G.J. & Omer, S.B., 2017. "Trends in personal belief exemption rates among alternative private schools: Waldorf, Montessori, and holistic Kindergartens in California, 2000-2014," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 107(1), pages 108-112.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303498_7
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303498
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    Cited by:

    1. Wade M. Cole & Evan Schofer & Kristopher Velasco, 2023. "Individual Empowerment, Institutional Confidence, and Vaccination Rates in Cross-National Perspective, 1995 to 2018," American Sociological Review, , vol. 88(3), pages 379-417, June.

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