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Community mobilization and empowerment of female sex workers in karnataka state, south india: Associations with hiv and sexually transmitted infection risk

Author

Listed:
  • Beattie, T.S.H.
  • Mohan, H.L.
  • Bhattacharjee, P.
  • Chandrashekar, S.
  • Isac, S.
  • Wheeler, T.
  • Prakash, R.
  • Ramesh, B.M.
  • Blanchard, J.F.
  • Heise, L.
  • Vickerman, P.
  • Moses, S.
  • Watts, C.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined the impact of community mobilization (CM) on the empowerment, risk behaviors, and prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infection in female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India. Methods. We conducted behavioral-biological surveys in 2008 and 2011 in 4 districts of Karnataka, India.We defined exposure to CMas low,medium(attended nongovernmental organization meeting or drop-in centre), or high (member of collective or peer group). We used regression analyses to explore whether exposure to CM was associated with the preceding outcomes. Pathway analyses explored the degree to which effects could be attributable to CM. Results. By the final survey, FSWs with high CM exposure were more likely to have been tested for HIV (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 25.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 13.07, 48.34) and to have used a condom at last sex with occasional clients (AOR = 4.74; 95% CI = 2.17, 10.37), repeat clients (AOR = 4.29; 95% CI = 2.24, 8.20), and regular partners (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI = 1.43, 5.45) than FSWs with low CM exposure. They were also less likely to be infected with gonorrhea or chlamydia (AOR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.31, 0.87). Pathway analyses suggested CM acted above and beyond peer education; reduction in gonorrhea or chlamydia was attributable to CM. Conclusions. CM is a central part of HIV prevention programming among FSWs, empowering them to better negotiate condom use and access services, as well as address other concerns in their lives.

Suggested Citation

  • Beattie, T.S.H. & Mohan, H.L. & Bhattacharjee, P. & Chandrashekar, S. & Isac, S. & Wheeler, T. & Prakash, R. & Ramesh, B.M. & Blanchard, J.F. & Heise, L. & Vickerman, P. & Moses, S. & Watts, C., 2014. "Community mobilization and empowerment of female sex workers in karnataka state, south india: Associations with hiv and sexually transmitted infection risk," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(8), pages 1516-1525.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2014.301911_7
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301911
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    Cited by:

    1. Randi Singer & Sarah Abboud & Amy K. Johnson & Jessica L. Zemlak & Natasha Crooks & Sangeun Lee & Johannes Wilson & Della Gorvine & Jahari Stamps & Douglas Bruce & Susan G. Sherman & Alicia K. Matthew, 2023. "Experiences of Sex Workers in Chicago during COVID-19: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Bidhubhusan Mahapatra & Monika Walia & Sangram Kishor Patel & Madhusudana Battala & Saradiya Mukherjee & Prachi Patel & Balakrishnan Subramanium & Yamini Atmavilas & Niranjan Saggurti, 2020. "Sustaining consistent condom use among female sex workers by addressing their vulnerabilities and strengthening community-led organizations in India," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Konrad, Renata A., 2019. "Designing awareness campaigns to counter human trafficking: An analytic approach," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 86-93.
    4. Anna Vassall & Sudhashree Chandrashekar & Michael Pickles & Tara S Beattie & Govindraj Shetty & Parinita Bhattacharjee & Marie-Claude Boily & Peter Vickerman & Janet Bradley & Michel Alary & Stephen M, 2014. "Community Mobilisation and Empowerment Interventions as Part of HIV Prevention for Female Sex Workers in Southern India: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-10, October.

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