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Drinking water systems, hydrology, and childhood gastrointestinal illness in central and northern wisconsin

Author

Listed:
  • Uejio, C.K.
  • Yale, S.H.
  • Malecki, K.
  • Borchardt, M.A.
  • Anderson, H.A.
  • Patz, J.A.

Abstract

Objectives. This study investigated if the type of drinking water source (treated municipal, untreated municipal, and private well water) modifies the effect of hydrology on childhood (aged > 5 years) gastrointestinal illness. Methods. We conducted a time series study to assess the relationship between hydrologic and weather conditions with childhood gastrointestinal illness from 1991 to 2010. The Central and Northern Wisconsin study area includes households using all 3 types of drinking water systems. Separate time series models were created for each system and half-year period (winter/spring, summer/fall). Results. More precipitation (summer/fall) systematically increased childhood gastrointestinal illness in municipalities accessing untreated water. The relative risk of contracting gastrointestinal illness was 1.4 in weeks with 3 centimeters of precipitation and 2.4 in very wet weeks with 12 centimeters of precipitation. By contrast, gastrointestinal illness in private well and treated municipal areas was not influenced by hydrologic conditions, although warmer winter temperatures slightly increased incidence. Conclusions. Our study suggests that improved drinking water protection, treatment, and delivery infrastructure may improve public health by specifically identifying municipal water systems lacking water treatment that may transmit waterborne disease.

Suggested Citation

  • Uejio, C.K. & Yale, S.H. & Malecki, K. & Borchardt, M.A. & Anderson, H.A. & Patz, J.A., 2014. "Drinking water systems, hydrology, and childhood gastrointestinal illness in central and northern wisconsin," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(4), pages 639-646.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2013.301659_5
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301659
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    Cited by:

    1. Pascal Beaudeau, 2018. "A Systematic Review of the Time Series Studies Addressing the Endemic Risk of Acute Gastroenteritis According to Drinking Water Operation Conditions in Urban Areas of Developed Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-25, April.
    2. Aparna Lal & Emily Fearnley & Martyn Kirk, 2015. "The Risk of Reported Cryptosporidiosis in Children Aged <5 Years in Australia is Highest in Very Remote Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Pin Wang & Ernest Asare & Virginia E. Pitzer & Robert Dubrow & Kai Chen, 2022. "Associations between long-term drought and diarrhea among children under five in low- and middle-income countries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. John Luczaj & Kevin Masarik, 2015. "Groundwater Quantity and Quality Issues in a Water-Rich Region: Examples from Wisconsin, USA," Resources, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-35, June.

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