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Socioeconomic inequality in disability among adults: A multicountry study using the world health survey

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  • Hosseinpoor, A.R.
  • Williams, J.A.S.
  • Gautam, J.
  • Posarac, A.
  • Officer, A.
  • Verdes, E.
  • Kostanjsek, N.
  • Chatterji, S.

Abstract

Objectives. We compared national prevalence and wealth-related inequality in disability across a large number of countries from all income groups. Methods. Data on 218 737 respondents participating in the World Health Survey 2002-2004 were analyzed. A composite disability score (0-100) identified respondents who experienced significant disability in physical, mental, and social functioning irrespective of their underlying health condition. Disabled persons had disability composite scores above 40. Wealth was evaluated using an index of economic status in households based on ownership of selected assets. Socioeconomic inequalities were measured using the slope index of inequality and the relative index of inequality. Results. Median age-standardized disability prevalence was higher in the lowand lower middle-income countries. In all the study countries, disability was more prevalent in the poorest than in the richest wealth quintiles. Pro-rich inequality was statistically significant in 43 of 49 countries, with disability prevalence higher among populations with lower wealth. Median relative inequality was higher in the high- and upper middle-income countries. Conclusions. Integrating equity components into the monitoring of disability trends would help ensure that interventions reach and benefit populations with greatest need. Copyright © 2012 by the American Public Health Association®.

Suggested Citation

  • Hosseinpoor, A.R. & Williams, J.A.S. & Gautam, J. & Posarac, A. & Officer, A. & Verdes, E. & Kostanjsek, N. & Chatterji, S., 2013. "Socioeconomic inequality in disability among adults: A multicountry study using the world health survey," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(7), pages 1278-1286.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2012.301115_9
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301115
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    1. Wen-Chou Chi & Kwang-Hwa Chang & Reuben Escorpizo & Chia-Feng Yen & Hua-Fang Liao & Feng-Hang Chang & Hung-Yi Chiou & Sue-Wen Teng & Wen-Ta Chiu & Tsan-Hon Liou, 2014. "Measuring Disability and Its Predicting Factors in a Large Database in Taiwan Using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-14, November.
    2. Doreen Mheta & Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya & Pauline Busisiwe Nkosi, 2023. "Experiences of Women with Disabilities in Accessing Maternal Healthcare Services: A South African Case Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(21), pages 1-13, October.
    3. Jean-François Trani & Ganesh Muneshwar Babulal & Parul Bakhshi, 2015. "Development and Validation of the 34-Item Disability Screening Questionnaire (DSQ-34) for Use in Low and Middle Income Countries Epidemiological and Development Surveys," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Valéria Teresa Saraiva Lino & Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues & Mônica Kramer de Noronha Andrade & Inês Nascimento de Carvalho Reis & Lucília Almeida Elias Lopes & Soraya Atie, 2019. "Association between visual problems, insufficient emotional support and urinary incontinence with disability in elderly people living in a poor district in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A six-year follow-up," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-12, May.
    5. Mythily Subramaniam & Yen Sin Koh & P. V. AshaRani & Fiona Devi & Saleha Shafie & Peizhi Wang & Edimansyah Abdin & Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar & Chee Fang Sum & Eng Sing Lee & Siow Ann Chong, 2021. "The Prevalence and Correlates of Disability in Singapore: Results from a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    6. Mitra,Sophie & Yap,Jaclyn Lourdes Alcala & Herve,Justine Francoise Marie & Chen,Wei, 2021. "Inclusive Statistics : Human Development and Disability Indicators in Low- and Middle-Income Countries," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9626, The World Bank.
    7. Anne Marie Kavanagh & Zoe Aitken & Lauren Krnjacki & Anthony Daniel LaMontagne & Rebecca Bentley & Allison Milner, 2015. "Mental Health Following Acquisition of Disability in Adulthood—The Impact of Wealth," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-13, October.
    8. Zeinat Sanhori & Lars Lien & Edvard Hauff & Touraj Ayazi & Ibrahimu Mdala & Arne H. Eide, 2022. "Change in Disability Associated with Psychological Distress among Internally Displaced Persons in Central Sudan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-10, April.
    9. Maëlenn M Guerchet & Mariella Guerra & Yueqin Huang & Peter Lloyd-Sherlock & Ana Luisa Sosa & Richard Uwakwe & Isaac Acosta & Peter Ezeah & Sara Gallardo & Zhaorui Liu & Rosie Mayston & Veronica Monte, 2018. "A cohort study of the effects of older adult care dependence upon household economic functioning, in Peru, Mexico and China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, April.
    10. Juliana Lustosa Torres & Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa & Michael Marmot & Cesar de Oliveira, 2016. "Wealth and Disability in Later Life: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-12, November.
    11. Woojin Chung & Roeul Kim, 2014. "Does Marriage Really Matter to Health? Intra- and Inter-Country Evidence from China, Japan, Taiwan, and the Republic of Korea," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(8), pages 1-10, August.
    12. Luana Caroline de Assunção Cortez Corrêa & Cristiano dos Santos Gomes & Saionara Maria Aires da Camara & Juliana Fernandes de Souza Barbosa & Ingrid Guerra Azevedo & Afshin Vafaei & Ricardo Oliveira G, 2023. "Gender-Specific Associations between Late-Life Disability and Socioeconomic Status: Findings from the International Mobility and Aging Study (IMIAS)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-11, February.
    13. John Kuumuori Ganle & Leonard Baatiema & Reginald Quansah & Anthony Danso-Appiah, 2020. "Barriers facing persons with disability in accessing sexual and reproductive health services in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, October.

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