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Impact of welfare reform on mortality: An evaluation of the connecticut jobs first program, a randomized controlled trial

Author

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  • Wilde, E.T.
  • Rosen, Z.
  • Couch, K.
  • Muennig, P.A.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined whether Jobs First, a multicenter randomized trial of a welfare reform program conducted in Connecticut, demonstrated increases in employment, income, and health insurance relative to traditional welfare (Aid to Families with Dependent Children). We also investigated if higher earnings and employment improved mortality of the participants. Methods. We revisited the Jobs First randomized trial, successfully linking 4612 participant identifiers to 15 years of prospective mortality follow-up data through 2010, producing 240 deaths. The analysis was powered to detect a 20% change in mortality hazards. Results. Significant employment and income benefits were realized among Jobs First recipients relative to traditional welfare recipients, particularly for the most disadvantaged groups. However, although none of these reached statistical significance, all participants in Jobs First (overall, across centers, and all subgroups) experienced higher mortality hazards than traditional welfare recipients. Conclusions. Increases in income and employment produced by Jobs First relative to traditional welfare improved socioeconomic status but did not improve survival.

Suggested Citation

  • Wilde, E.T. & Rosen, Z. & Couch, K. & Muennig, P.A., 2014. "Impact of welfare reform on mortality: An evaluation of the connecticut jobs first program, a randomized controlled trial," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(3), pages 534-538.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2012.301072_0
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301072
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    Cited by:

    1. David J. Price & Jae Song, 2018. "The Long-Term Effects of Cash Assistance," Working Papers 621, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    2. LoPalo, Melissa, 2019. "The effects of cash assistance on refugee outcomes," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 27-52.
    3. Narain, Kimberly & Bitler, Marianne & Ponce, Ninez & Kominski, Gerald & Ettner, Susan, 2017. "The impact of welfare reform on the health insurance coverage, utilization and health of low education single mothers," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 28-35.

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