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Temporal changes in socioeconomic influences on health: Maternal education and preterm birth

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  • El-Sayed, A.M.
  • Galea, S.

Abstract

Objectives. To consider how the relationships between social determinants and health indicators change over time, we assessed the time-varying influence of maternal education on risk of preterm birth (PTB) between 1989 and 2006. Methods. We used bivariate and multivariable Poisson regression models with robust variation estimates to examine (1) the association between maternal education and PTB risk by year; (2) the relationship between low maternal education and PTB, late PTB, and very PTB risk by year relative to 1989; and (3) the relationship between high maternal education and PTB, late PTB, and very PTB risk by year relative to 1989. Results. After adjustment, PTB risk increased among the most educated and did not change among the least educated women over time. Risk of PTB among the least educated relative to the most educated women decreased with time. Late PTB risk increased among both the most and the least educated groups but more among the most educated. Conclusions. Maternal education may be becoming less protective against PTB. The influence of the social determinants of health is dynamic, warranting revisions of our understanding of their roles over time.

Suggested Citation

  • El-Sayed, A.M. & Galea, S., 2012. "Temporal changes in socioeconomic influences on health: Maternal education and preterm birth," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(9), pages 1715-1721.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300564_2
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300564
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    Cited by:

    1. Seiz, Marta & Salazar, Leire & Eremenko, Tatiana, 2024. "Perinatal health in Spain during and after the Great Recession: Educational selection into fertility as a protective factor in high unemployment contexts," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    2. Valentin Simoncic & Séverine Deguen & Christophe Enaux & Stéphanie Vandentorren & Wahida Kihal-Talantikite, 2022. "A Comprehensive Review on Social Inequalities and Pregnancy Outcome—Identification of Relevant Pathways and Mechanisms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-43, December.
    3. Richards, Jennifer L. & Chapple-McGruder, Theresa & Williams, Bryan L. & Kramer, Michael R., 2015. "Does neighborhood deprivation modify the effect of preterm birth on children's first grade academic performance?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 122-131.

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