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Associations between herpes simplex virus type 2 and HCV with HIV among injecting drug users in New York City: The current importance of sexual transmission of HIV

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  • Des Jarlais, D.C.
  • Arasteh, K.
  • McKnight, C.
  • Hagan, H.
  • Perlman, D.C.
  • Semaan, S.

Abstract

Objectives: We examined relationships between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a biomarker for sexual risk, and HCV, a biomarker for injecting risk, with HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) who began injecting after large-scale expansion of syringe exchange programs in New York City. Methods: We recruited 337 heroin and cocaine users who began injecting in 1995 or later from persons entering drug detoxification. We administered a structured interview covering drug use and HIV risk behavior and collected serum samples for HIV, HCV, and HSV-2 testing. Results: HIV prevalence was 8%, HSV-2 39%, and HCV 55%. We found a significant association between HSV-2 and HIV (odds ratio [OR]=7.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.9, 21.4) and no association between HCV and HIV (OR=1.14; 95% CI=0.5, 2.6). Black IDUs had the highest prevalence of HSV-2 (76%) and HIV (24%) but the lowest prevalence of HCV (34%). Conclusions: Most HIV infections among these IDUs occurred through sexual transmission. The relative importance of injecting versus sexual transmission of HIV may be critical for understanding racial/ethnic disparities in HIV infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Des Jarlais, D.C. & Arasteh, K. & McKnight, C. & Hagan, H. & Perlman, D.C. & Semaan, S., 2011. "Associations between herpes simplex virus type 2 and HCV with HIV among injecting drug users in New York City: The current importance of sexual transmission of HIV," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(7), pages 1277-1283.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300130_0
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300130
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    Cited by:

    1. Tyler D. Harvey & Ijeoma Opara & Emily A. Wang, 2022. "Role of the Intersections of Gender, Race and Sexual Orientation in the Association between Substance Use Behaviors and Sexually Transmitted Infections in a National Sample of Adults with Recent Crimi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Medina-Perucha, Laura & Scott, Jenny & Chapman, Sarah & Barnett, Julie & Dack, Charlotte & Family, Hannah, 2019. "A qualitative study on intersectional stigma and sexual health among women on opioid substitution treatment in England: Implications for research, policy and practice," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 315-322.

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