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Prevalence and correlates of forced sex perpetration and victimization in Botswana and Swaziland

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  • Tsai, A.C.
  • Leiter, K.
  • Heisler, M.
  • Iacopino, V.
  • Wolfe, W.
  • Shannon, K.
  • Phaladze, N.
  • Hlanze, Z.
  • Weiser, S.D.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to identify correlates of forced sex perpetration among men and victimization among women in Botswana and Swaziland. Methods: We surveyed a 2-stage probability sample of 2074 adults from the 5 districts of Botswana with the highest HIV prevalence rates and all 4 regions of Swaziland. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify correlates of forced sex victimization and perpetration. Results: Lifetime prevalence rates of forced sex victimization of women were 10.3% in Botswana and 11.4% in Swaziland; among men, rates of perpetration were 3.9% in Botswana and 5.0% in Swaziland. Lifetime history of forced sex victimization was the strongest predictor of forced sex perpetration by men in Botswana (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=13.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]=4.55, 41.50) and Swaziland (adjusted OR=5.98; 95% CI=1.08, 33.10). Problem or heavy drinking was the strongest predictor of forced sex victimization among women in Botswana (adjusted OR=2.55; 95% CI=1.19, 5.49) and Swaziland (OR=14.70; 95% CI=4.53, 47.60). Conclusions: Sexual violence in Botswana and Swaziland is a major public health and human rights problem. Ending codified gender discrimination can contribute to fundamentally changing gender norms and may be an important lever for gender-based violence prevention in these countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsai, A.C. & Leiter, K. & Heisler, M. & Iacopino, V. & Wolfe, W. & Shannon, K. & Phaladze, N. & Hlanze, Z. & Weiser, S.D., 2011. "Prevalence and correlates of forced sex perpetration and victimization in Botswana and Swaziland," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(6), pages 1068-1074.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2010.300060_1
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300060
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    Cited by:

    1. Francis Barchi & Helen Apps & Oleosi Ntshebe & Peggie Ramaphane, 2021. "Social and Behavioral Correlates of Adolescent Sexual Experience and Intention to Use Condoms in Northwestern Botswana," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Tsai, Alexander C. & Tomlinson, Mark & Comulada, W. Scott & Rotheram-Borus, Mary Jane, 2016. "Food insufficiency, depression, and the modifying role of social support: Evidence from a population-based, prospective cohort of pregnant women in peri-urban South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 69-77.

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