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Prevalence of HIV infection among inpatients and outpatients in department of veterans affairs health care systems: Implications for screening programs for HIV

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Listed:
  • Owens, D.K.
  • Sundaram, V.
  • Lazzeroni, L.C.
  • Douglass, L.R.
  • Sanders, G.D.
  • Taylor, K.
  • VanGroningen, R.
  • Shadle, V.M.
  • McWhorter, V.C.
  • Agoncillo, T.
  • Haren, N.
  • Nyland, J.
  • Tempio, P.
  • Khayr, W.
  • Dietzen, D.J.
  • Jensen, P.
  • Simberkoff, M.S.
  • Bozzette, S.A.
  • Holodniy, M.

Abstract

Objectives. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV in both inpatient and outpatient settings in 6 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care sites. Methods. We collected demographic data and data on comorbid conditions and then conducted blinded, anonymous HIV testing. We conducted a multivariate analysis to determine predictors of HIV infection. Results. We tested 4500 outpatient blood specimens and 4205 inpatient blood specimens; 326 (3.7%) patients tested positive for HIV. Inpatient HIV prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 6.9%; outpatient HIV prevalence ranged from 0.9% to 8.9%. Having a history of hepatitis B or C infection, a sexually transmitted disease, or pneumonia also predicted HIV infection. The prevalence of previously undocumented HIV infection varied from 0.1% to 2.8% among outpatients and from 0.0% to 1.7% among inpatients. Conclusions. The prevalence of undocumented HIV infection was sufficiently high for routine voluntary screening to be cost effective in each of the 6 sites we evaluated. Many VA health care systems should consider expanded routine voluntary HIV screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Owens, D.K. & Sundaram, V. & Lazzeroni, L.C. & Douglass, L.R. & Sanders, G.D. & Taylor, K. & VanGroningen, R. & Shadle, V.M. & McWhorter, V.C. & Agoncillo, T. & Haren, N. & Nyland, J. & Tempio, P. & K, 2007. "Prevalence of HIV infection among inpatients and outpatients in department of veterans affairs health care systems: Implications for screening programs for HIV," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(12), pages 2173-2178.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2007.110700_9
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.110700
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    Cited by:

    1. Hani Serag & Isabel Clark & Cherith Naig & David Lakey & Yordanos M. Tiruneh, 2022. "Financing Benefits and Barriers to Routine HIV Screening in Clinical Settings in the United States: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Sarang Deo & Kumar Rajaram & Sandeep Rath & Uday S. Karmarkar & Matthew B. Goetz, 2015. "Planning for HIV Screening, Testing, and Care at the Veterans Health Administration," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(2), pages 287-304, April.

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