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The changing role of the World Bank in global health

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  • Ruger, J.P.

Abstract

The World Bank began operations on June 25, 1946. Although it was established to finance European reconstruction after World War II, the bank today is a considerable force in the health, nutrition, and population (HNP) sector in developing countries. Indeed, it has evolved from having virtually no presence in global health to being the world's largest financial contributor to health-related projects, now committing more than $1 billion annually for new HNP projects. It is also one of the world's largest supporters in the fight against HIV/AIDS, with commitments of more than $1.6 billion over the past several years. I have mapped this transformation in the World Bank's role in global health, illustrating shifts in the bank's mission and financial orientation, as well as the broader changes in development theory and practice. Through a deepened understanding of the complexities of development, the World Bank now regards investments in HNP programs as fundamental to its role in the global economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruger, J.P., 2005. "The changing role of the World Bank in global health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(1), pages 60-70.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2004.042002_7
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.042002
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    Cited by:

    1. Mollie Fair, 2008. "From Population Lending to HNP Results : The Evolution of the World Bank's Strategies in Health, Nutrition and Population," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6406.
    2. Bartsch, Sonja & Kohlmorgen, Lars, 2007. "The Role of Southern Actors in Global Governance: The Fight against HIV/AIDS," GIGA Working Papers 46, GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies.
    3. Jelica Rastoka & Saša Petković & Dragana Radicic, 2022. "Impact of Entrepreneurship on the Quality of Public Health Sector Institutions and Policies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-25, January.
    4. Mamudu, Hadii M. & Hammond, Ross & Glantz, Stanton, 2008. "Tobacco industry attempts to counter the World Bank report curbing the epidemic and obstruct the WHO framework convention on tobacco control," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(11), pages 1690-1699, December.
    5. Tamara K Hervey, 2008. "The European Union’s governance of health care and the welfare modernization agenda," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(1), pages 103-120, March.
    6. Stubbs, Thomas & Kentikelenis, Alexander & Stuckler, David & McKee, Martin & King, Lawrence, 2017. "The impact of IMF conditionality on government health expenditure: A cross-national analysis of 16 West African nations," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 220-227.
    7. Hoey, Lesli, 2017. "Reclaiming the Authority to Plan: How the Legacy of Structural Adjustment Affected Bolivia’s Effort to Recentralize Nutrition Planning," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 100-112.
    8. Holzscheiter, Anna & Bahr, Thurid & Pantzerhielm, Laura, 2016. "Emerging Governance Architectures in Global Health: Do Metagovernance Norms Explain Inter-Organisational Convergence?," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 4(3), pages 5-19.
    9. Donald A P Bundy & Bilkiss Dhomun & Xavier Daney & Linda B Schultz & Andy Tembon, 2015. "Investing in Onchocerciasis Control: Financial Management of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC)," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(5), pages 1-16, May.
    10. Devi Sridhar, 2008. "The Role of Structure and Agency in Hunger Reduction in India," Indian Journal of Gender Studies, Centre for Women's Development Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 81-99, January.
    11. Gabriela de Carvalho, 2022. "The World Bank and Healthcare Reforms: A Cross‐National Analysis of Policy Prescriptions in South America," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(1), pages 5-18.
    12. Chan, Olivia S.K. & Lam, Wendy & Zhao, Shilin & Tun, Hein & Liu, Ping & Wu, Peng, 2024. "Why prescribe antibiotics? A systematic review of knowledge, tension, and motivation among clinicians in low-, middle- and high-income countries," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 345(C).
    13. Erus, Burcay & Hatipoglu, Ozan, 2017. "Physician payment schemes and physician productivity: Analysis of Turkish healthcare reforms," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(5), pages 553-557.
    14. Anna Holzscheiter & Thurid Bahr & Laura Pantzerhielm, 2016. "Emerging Governance Architectures in Global Health: Do Metagovernance Norms Explain Inter-Organisational Convergence?," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 4(3), pages 5-19.
    15. Bridget O'Laughlin & Imrana Qadeer & Rama Baru, 2016. "Forum 2016," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 47(4), pages 760-781, July.

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