IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/aoj/woscre/v3y2016i1p16-22id749.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evaluation of Micro-Pathogens Associated with Nigerian Currency (Naira Notes)

Author

Listed:
  • Oha Ndubuisi
  • Ijeoma Iheukwumere
  • Ekeleme Uzochukwu G
  • Elijah Akachukwu Otutu
  • Ajunwa Kelechi Victor

Abstract

Evaluation of micro-pathogens associated with the Nigerian Currency (Naira note) was examined using the standard microbiological techniques. The bacterial load of the Naira notes ranged from 4.0±0.6x103 cfu/ml to 50.0±0.1x103 cfu/ml which differed significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the control sample which had no bacterial growth. The fungal count of the Naira notes ranged from 3.0±0.9x103 cfu/ml to 23.0±0.1x103 cfu/ml. The following microbial species were isolated with a varying prevalence; Bacillus species 41 (10.3%), Klebsiella species 37 (9.3%), Proteus species 29 (7.3%), Corynebacterium species 28 (7.0%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 24 (6.08%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus 44 (11.0%), Staphylococcus aureus 31 (7.8%), Clostridium species 18 (4.5%), Micrococcus species 16 (4.0%), Escherichiacoli 15 (3.8%), Fusarium species 15 (3.8%), Penicillium species 13 (3.3%), Aspergillusfumigatus 12 (3.0%), Aspergillus flavus 11 (2.8%), Rhizopus species 5 (1.3%), Aspergillus niger 31 (7.8%) and Mucors species 29 (7.3%). The different denominations of the Naira note showed that 20 Naira recorded the highest microbial isolate of 81(20.3%), followed by 10 Naira note 70(17.5%) while the least was 1000 Naira note 18(4.5%). The different denominations of the Naira note showed that 20 Naira had the highest occurrence of bacteria (58) and fungal occurrence of 23, the least was 1000 Naira which recorded the occurrence of 13 and 5 for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The study showed that Naira notes are commonly contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms of public health importance. Therefore, the Nigerian currency (Naira note) should be handled with care so that it will not be a vehicle for disease transmission.

Suggested Citation

  • Oha Ndubuisi & Ijeoma Iheukwumere & Ekeleme Uzochukwu G & Elijah Akachukwu Otutu & Ajunwa Kelechi Victor, 2016. "Evaluation of Micro-Pathogens Associated with Nigerian Currency (Naira Notes)," World Scientific Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 3(1), pages 16-22.
    • Handle: RePEc:aoj:woscre:v:3:y:2016:i:1:p:16-22:id:749
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://asianonlinejournals.com/index.php/WSR/article/view/749/775
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:aoj:woscre:v:3:y:2016:i:1:p:16-22:id:749. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sara Lim (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://asianonlinejournals.com/index.php/WSR/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.