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Integration processes in Africa: history and present stage

Author

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  • Galina Mikhailovna Kostyunina

    (Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) MFA Russia)

Abstract

Africa remains the least integrated region in the world, although the first integration agreements have been signed during the colonial period. In the 1960s there was a tendency to Pan-Africanism - the formation of Pan-African union, but political differences, many ethnic and armed conflicts have become a major obstacle. This trend is being revived in the 1980s based on the Lagos Plan of Action, in which the focus was on the three regional integration agreements(RIA) - ECOWAS, EAC and SADC. In 1991, the Abuja agreement was signed on the formation of the African Economic Community (AEC). After 10 years, the Organization of African Unity(OAU) has been transformed into the African Union, which has set a target of formation of the AEC to 2030 based on eight leading RIAs, which reached different form of integration - from preferential trade area to common market. In 2015, the Heads of States of COMESA, SADC and EAC signed an agreement on the Continental free trade area as the initial stage of AEC.

Suggested Citation

  • Galina Mikhailovna Kostyunina, 2016. "Integration processes in Africa: history and present stage," Russian Foreign Economic Journal, Russian Foreign Trade Academy Ministry of economic development of the Russian Federation, issue 4, pages 34-50, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:alq:rufejo:rfej_2016_04_34-50
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