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Orígenes y trayectoria de la industria de combustible nuclear en España: ENUSA, 1972-2022

Author

Listed:
  • Esther M. Sánchez Sánchez

    (Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Economía y Empresa e Instituto de Estudios de la Ciencia y la Tecnología)

  • Santiago M. López García

    (Universidad de Salamanca, Facultad de Economía y Empresa e Instituto de Estudios de la Ciencia y la Tecnología)

  • Joseba de la Torre Campo

    (Universidad Pública de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales)

Abstract

El objetivo de este artículo es examinar el despliegue de la fabricación industrial de combustible nuclear en España, una actividad altamente especializada ligada a la Empresa Nacional del Uranio SA (ENUSA) y al sumi-nistro de tecnología extranjera (Westinghouse y General Electric). ENUSA surgió, a iniciativa del Gobierno y con el apoyo del sector privado, para satisfacer las necesidades de combustible de un programa nuclear tre-mendamente ambicioso, que luego se redujo a una cuarta parte de lo previsto. Tras algunos años de incerti-dumbre, la empresa pública logró superar con éxito las dificultades derivadas de la reconversión industrial y el cambio en la política energética del Gobierno, llegando al siglo xxi como una compañía no meramente super-viviente, sino líder en su sector de actividad: su planta de Juzbado (Salamanca) se ha convertido en un referen-te tecnológico e industrial, con amplias externalidades geográficas y sectoriales. En definitiva, a partir un am-plio abanico de fuentes mayoritariamente de origen archivístico, trataremos de reconstruir los orígenes de ENUSA y de buscar en el pasado las razones de su posición actual. KEY Classification-JEL: O25; N64; N70; O14

Suggested Citation

  • Esther M. Sánchez Sánchez & Santiago M. López García & Joseba de la Torre Campo, 2024. "Orígenes y trayectoria de la industria de combustible nuclear en España: ENUSA, 1972-2022," Investigaciones de Historia Económica - Economic History Research (IHE-EHR), Journal of the Spanish Economic History Association, Asociación Española de Historia Económica, vol. 20(02), pages 43-56.
    • Handle: RePEc:ahe:invest:v:20:y:2024:i:02:p:43-56
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.33231/j.ihe.2024.02.007
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Historia de la energía nuclear; Asistencia tecnológica exterior; Fabricación de elementos combustibles; ENUSA; Westinghouse; General Electric;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O25 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Industrial Policy
    • N64 - Economic History - - Manufacturing and Construction - - - Europe: 1913-
    • N70 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology

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