Analisis no parametrico de la eficiencia tecnica de las explotaciones lecheras en Galicia. El papel de la concentracion parcelaria

En este trabajo utilizamos el analisis envolente de datos (DEA) para estimar la eficiencia tecnica de una muestra de 72 explotaciones lecheras, de la comarca interior de la provincia de la Coruna (Galicia). Pretendemos evaluar se existen diferencias significativas en la eficiencia tecnica entre las explotaciones concentradas (CP) y las no concentrades (NCP). La para las CP bajo el modelo de rendimientos constantes a escala (CRS) y de 92,4 por ciento y 93,1 por ciento bajo el modelo de rendimientos variables a escale (VRS). la eficiencia tecnica de las explotaciones es alta. No se encontraron diferencias significativas para las explotaciones concentradas y no concentradas. No se encuentra evidencia de la existencia de efectos positivos del tamano de la explotacion en la eficiencia tecnica. Operando en la frontera de produccion eficiente las explotaciones NCP podrian reducir sus imputs como minimo en un 7,6 por ciento y las CP en un 6,9 por ciento...The Spanish governments applied the land consolidation policy during the last 60 years to achieve the structural reform of the Spanish farms. There are many studies that point out the positive effects of such policy which caused improvements in the farms management and land (reducing the plot number and increasing its size, improving the roads and accesses and inducing to a better use of inputs within consolidated farms). But, as we know, there is not any study which analyzes the technical efficiency in the consolidated farms (CP) and compares it with the technical efficiency achieved by non-restructured farms (NCP. This work uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compute technical efficiency measures of 72 dairy farms located in the northwest of Spain (Galicia). Two groups of farms were considered and compared: one consisting of the farms restructured according to the land consolidation operations carried out in the past (group CP), and the other was formed by the non-restructured ones (group NCP). The objective was to assess the differences in technical efficiency stores calculated under the specification of constant returns to scale (CRS) were 87.6 for CP and 90.1 for (VRS) were 93.1 and 92.4 respectively. The results failed to prove a significant relationship between land consolidation and farms technical efficiency. There is a positive relationship between technical efficiency and use of forages in animal feeding, and between technical efficiency and yield per cow and hectare, and there is a negative relationship between technical efficiency and use of concentrate feeds.