Diferenças salariais e discriminação por gênero e cor nos setores agrícola e não agrícola do Brasil nos anos de 2004, 2012, 2015 e 2019

This study aims to analyze wage gap and discrimination by gender and color for the employed population in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in Brazil for the years 2004, 2012, 2015 and 2019. For that, PNAD data was used to examine the years 2004 and 2015 and PNADC data was used to examine the years 2012 and 2019, provided by IBGE. The method of Firpo et al. (2007) is applied to decompose the differentials throughout the distribution of wages. In both sectors, gender wage differences were greatest in the 10th quantile of the distribution, mainly due to wage structure effect. The wage differentials between white and non-white workers were greater in the 90th quantile, due to the high deficit of non-whites in productive characteristics (composition effect). Between 2004 and 2015, there was an increase in wage differences between groups in the agricultural sector, particularly in the 10th, 25th and 50th quantiles, while in the non-agricultural sector there was a reduction. Between 2012 and 2019, there was a reduction in wage differences by gender in both sectors and an increase in differences by color. Finally, the wage differential between groups was greater in the agricultural sector.