EL TEOREMA DE HECKSCHER Y OHLIN Y LA INDUSTRIA MEXICANA DE LAS NUECES DE NOGAL (Carya illinoinensis)

The walnut (Carya illinoinensis) is a key product for the Mexican commercial sector. In 2016, SAGARPA declared that the nut is among the top twenty most exported products to the United States, with a value of 212,119 thousand dollars. Weather, geography and market conditions has given the country certain advantage in production, causing an increase in exports and imports throughout the years with the United States and China (Alderete, 2018). The objective of this paper is to prove the comparative advantage theory by Heckscher and Ohlin applied to the Mexican walnut industry. In this investigation, we analyze the value of exports in the country, relative to the other country, and worldwide; the standard revealed comparative advantage measurements is used, following the method of measurement made by Yu et al., (2009) and the method of Clifton and Marxsen (1948), to measure relative abundance of factors and to measure the intensity of the use of facts, the procedure of Fernández and Subirà (2006), is utilised. In conclusion, there is consistent evidence with Heckscher and Ohlin for the case of Mexico, that is, labor-intensive goods are exported; opposite case is the United States.