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Interações De Estados Unidos E Brasil No Mercado Mundial De Soja Em Grão: Uma Análise Dinâmica Baseada Nas Trajetórias Estocásticas Das Exportações

Author

Listed:
  • Proque, Andressa Lemes
  • Cassuce, Francisco Carlos da Cunha
  • da Silva, Evaldo Henrique

Abstract

Apresentando-se como um dos principais produtos de exportação do Brasil, a soja em grão é grande responsável pela geração de divisas e emprego na economia brasileira. O mercado internacional desse bem apresenta dois grandes produtores e exportadores: Brasil e Estados Unidos da America (EUA). Buscou-se, no presente trabalho, analisar como as exportações de um dos países eram afetadas pelas exportações de seu concorrente. Para isso, inicialmente verificou-se que o mercado mundial de soja em grão poderia ser caracterizado como um oligopólio e que, sendo assim, poder-se-ia aplicar o modelo de Duopólio de Cournot. A partir daí, aplicou-se a metodologia de Vetores Autorregressivos para captar as relações entre as exportações de soja em grão de Brasil e EUA. A partir dos resultados, através da técnica de simulação, traçou-se a trajetória estocástica de ambas as exportações, o que possibilitou verificar como um país reagiria a decisões do seu concorrente, considerando também a existência de choques totalmente aleatórios. As simulações mostraram que inicialmente a exportação de um país é afetada negativamente, mas com o possível intuito de recuperar sua parcela de mercado, o país afetado reagiria aumentando suas exportações em períodos subsequentes. O Brasil realizaria muito mais esforço para se manter no topo do mercado do que os EUA. Finalmente, ambos os países se alternam na liderança do mercado, ao longo do tempo. ----- Known as the major exports product from Brazil, soybean is found to be the most responsible grain for generating foreign exchange and employment in the Brazilian economy. The international market of this good shows two major producing and exporting countries, namely, Brazil and The United States of America (USA). In this work, we sought to analyse the way how exports of one of these countries were affected by the exports of its competitor. Initially, we found that the world market of soybeans could be characterized as an oligopoly, and thus we could use the Cournot duopoly model . Then, we used the Vector Autoregressive methodology for describing the relation between soybean exports from Brazil and USA. According to results, by using the simulation techniques, we designed the stochastic trajectory of both exports, which enabled us to find the way how one of these countries would react against decisions of its competitor, also considering the existence of totally random shocks. Simulations showed that, initially, export from a country is negatively affected but, with the possible intent of regaining its market share, the affected country would react by increasing its exports on subsequent periods. Brazil would need much more effort to be on the market top list than the USA. Therefore, over time, both countries alternate on the market leadership.

Suggested Citation

  • Proque, Andressa Lemes & Cassuce, Francisco Carlos da Cunha & da Silva, Evaldo Henrique, 2014. "Interações De Estados Unidos E Brasil No Mercado Mundial De Soja Em Grão: Uma Análise Dinâmica Baseada Nas Trajetórias Estocásticas Das Exportações," Organizações Rurais e Agroindustriais/Rural and Agro-Industrial Organizations, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Administracao e Economia, vol. 16(4), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:orarao:262752
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.262752
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