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O Caminho Da Coexistência: Da Regulação Dos Produtos Transgênicos À Criação Dos Mercados Diferenciados

Author

Listed:
  • de Oliveira, Andréa Leda Ramos
  • da Silveira, José Maria Ferreira Jardim

Abstract

O objetivo do presente trabalho é discutir algumas questões acerca do papel da regulação dos produtos transgênicos e a influência na formação dos mercados diferenciados e, ainda, a emergência de um mercado descomoditizado. Discutem-se os desafios impostos pela construção de instituições regulatórias em Biossegurança, a partir das diretrizes do Protocolo de Cartagena de Biossegurança (PCB), para o desenvolvimento atual e futuro dos cultivares transgênica e o papel do Estado como agente regulador/incentivador. Para tanto, o referencial teórico se dá à luz da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI) e da Nova Sociologia Econômica (NSE). Os mercados diferenciados, analisados a partir da NEI, apresentam-se como uma materialização dos novos direitos de propriedade à medida que o processo de descomoditização avança e suscita a criação de novos atributos de valor aos produtos. Assim, uma nova forma de governança é necessária para reduzir os custos de transação que emergem do processo. O Estado tem papel importante para promover formas mais apropriadas de arranjo e criar regras claras para certificação e rotulagem. A principal contribuição da NSE para os produtos diferenciados caminha no sentido de que as relações informais entre os agentes baseadas na reputação ou por meio das redes sociais, criam oportunidades para implementação de acordos bilaterais para comercialização. Dessa forma, tal configuração não impõe altos custos à cadeia através de Sistemas de Preservação de Identidade. ----- The purpose of this paper is to discuss some issues about the key role of regulation in the transgenic products and the influence on the formation of differentiated markets, and also the emergence of a market decommoditization. Discusses the challenges imposed by construction of regulatory institutions in Biosafety, based on the directives of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB), for the current and future development of transgenic crops and the role of the government as a regulator/incentive agent. In order to this, the theoretical approach is given by New Institutional Economics (NIE) and New Economic Sociology (NES). The differentiated markets analyzed from the NIE, presented as new property rights as the process of decommoditization moves forward and promotes the creation of new attributes to the products. Thus, a new governance form is needed to reduce the transaction costs that results from the process. The Government has an important role to promote more appropriate forms of arrangement and create clear rules for certifying and labeling. The NES main contribution for differentiated products moves forward the informal relations between agents based on reputation or through social networks, create opportunities for the implementation of bilateral agreements for commercialization. Thus, this configuration does not impose high costs through the chain based on Identity Preservation Systems.

Suggested Citation

  • de Oliveira, Andréa Leda Ramos & da Silveira, José Maria Ferreira Jardim, 2013. "O Caminho Da Coexistência: Da Regulação Dos Produtos Transgênicos À Criação Dos Mercados Diferenciados," Organizações Rurais e Agroindustriais/Rural and Agro-Industrial Organizations, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Administracao e Economia, vol. 14(3), August.
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:orarao:262700
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.262700
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