Author
Listed:
- Joris, Jaqueline Laurino
- Vilpoux, Olivier Francois
Abstract
Apesar do potencial de produção da ovinocultura, importações são necessárias para suprir parte do consumo nacional. Essa situação verifica-se no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, principal produtor do Centro-Oeste. Como existem condições técnicas favoráveis para criação de ovinos no Estado, as dificuldades de coordenação entre produtores e indústrias precisam ser avaliadas. A pesquisa identificou a influência das características das transações, a partir da teoria da Economia dos Custos de Transação, sobre os arranjos institucionais adotados. Após entrevista com o Presidente da Câmara estadual de ovinocultura, um questionário foi aplicado a 45 produtores do Estado e a dois frigoríficos, um de Mato Grosso do Sul e um de São Paulo. Os resultados confirmam a forte participação da agricultura familiar na produção e a grande informalidade do setor. A especificidade dos ativos é muito baixa para produtores e elevada para frigoríficos. Essas características explicam a preferência dos produtores pelo mercado spot, enquanto relações contratuais seriam mais vantajosas para frigoríficos. A resolução do antagonismo entre necessidades de produtores e indústrias passa pela profissionalização dos criadores e pela redução da especificidade nos frigoríficos, por meio da diversificação. ----- Although the sheep industry has great potential for production, increasing proportion of domestic consumption is supplied by imports. This situation occurs in the Mato Grosso do Sul state, the largest producer of the Midwest. Starting from the hypothesis that the lack of coordination between producers and industries is a major problem to the development of production, the study investigated the influence of the transactions characteristics, using the theory of Transaction Economics Cost. After interviewing with the President of the sheep breeding State Chamber, a questioner has been applied to 45farmers and to two processing industries, one in Mato Grosso do Sul and other in Sao Paulo state. The results confirm the strong involvement of family farming in the production and the large informality of the sector. The assets specificity is very low for producers and high for processors. These characteristics explain the preference of producers for spot market, while contractual relations would be advantageous for processors. The antagonism resolution between the needs of producers and industries could be achieved through the professionalization of producers and the decrease in the processors specificity by diversifying.
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