Une évaluation de l'importance des marchés non alimentaires pour les produits agricoles

Hungary's economy, including its agriculture is undergoing fundamental changes. However, the process is in its initial stages only and it is characteristic that the idea concerning the desired structures to be brought about in the end is almost uniform, while the methods to be adopted for the transformation, the relevant pace and the practical solutions to be used are still to be considered. So far as agriculture is concerned there is basically a general agreement that an ownership reform should be introduced and the organizational structure of production must also be changed. In this process a much greater scope should be provided for private farming of the family farm type. Obviously, the role of large-scale farms which are currently overwhelming in Hungary's agricultural structure will decrease. Small-scale farming has been present in Hungary's agriculture so far. Indeed, there was a period during which it seemed that with the optimum combination or symbiosis of small and large- scale farming all the current and future problems of agriculture could be solved. Later, however, it turned out to be an illusion. In fact a specific division of labour developed between small and large-scale farms. It brought significant results. Spectacular achievements were recorded in terms of the quantitative increase in agricultural production ; supply-dominated domestic food market was brought about parallel with substantial agricultural exports. However, the « Hungarian agricultural miracle » turned out to be short-lived, because the uniform system of farming co-operatives of too large dimensions has exhausted development resources and is no longer capable of providing for cooperation between large and small scale farms. The relations between them must be laid upon new qualitative foundations relying on mutual interests and equality ; they must be free of monopolies and no forced courses of progress can be imposed on them.