Author
Listed:
- Rama, Ruth
- Alfranca, Oscar
- von Tunzelmann, Nicholas
Abstract
Las multinacionales agroalimentarias son las principales innovadoras del sector agroalimentario mundial y agentes económicos fundamentales del cambio tecnológico en el sector agroalimentario español. El estudio del comportamiento innovador de las multinacionales agroalimentarias presenta interés puesto que el 50% de la tecnología relacionada mundialmente con la alimentación procede de este tipo de empresas. Basándonos en una muestra de más de 16.000 patentes concedidas, entre 1969-94, a las mayores empresas multinacionales alimentarias y en los resultados de diversos estudios recientes, este trabajo aborda algunos de los principales aspectos de la innovación en estos importantes agentes económicos, tales como la globalización de sus actividades innovadoras, el variado contenido de su I+D, la incidencia de los procesos de competencia tecnológica inter-empresarial y el valor estratégico de persistir en la innovación. Las conclusiones más significativas fundamentadas en el trabajo empírico son: 1.Las empresas agroalimentarias multinacionales combinan la innovación técnica y la de diseño, mas que concentrarse en una clase de innovación y utilizarla como sustitutivo de la otra. 2.Ser innovador permanente es relevante para las empresas agroalimentarias multinacionales porque el stock de conocimiento, que presenta una importancia estratégica, es acumulativo. 3. Las empresas multinacionales alimentarias presentan un nivel de globalización de la I+D superior al de otras multinacionales. Esto es particularmente cierto en el caso de las multinacionales alimentarias europeas. 4.Las multinacionales alimentarias son empresas multi-tecnología. Palabras clave: multinacional alimentaria, patentes, innovación, industria alimentaria. Agrifood multinationals are usually considered the world's most important innovators in the F&B field and fundamental agents for technological change in the Spanish agrifood sector. The innovative behaviour of agrifood multinational firms issue is interesting because 50% of technology related to food is linked to innovative activities of these kind of firms. This paper includes a survey on several subjects related to innovation in the agrifood industry, such as the economic conditions for innovation production and the persistence of innovation. The main conclusions based on empirical work with patent data are: 1.Agrifood multinationals combine technical and design innovation rather than using one type of innovation as a substitute for the other. 2.Becoming a permanent innovator is relevant for agrifood multinational firms because the stock of knowledge, which is strategically important, is cumulative. 3.Agrifood multinationals are more prone than other multinationals to globalize their R&D activities. This is particularly true for European agrifood multinationals. 4.Agrifood multinationals are multi-technology companies.
Suggested Citation
Rama, Ruth & Alfranca, Oscar & von Tunzelmann, Nicholas, 2003.
"Estrategias sobre innovacion en las empresas multinacionales agroalimentarias,"
Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales, Spanish Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 3(06), pages 1-23.
Handle:
RePEc:ags:earnsa:28793
DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.28793
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