Drought and Waterlogging Characteristics during the Growth Period of

In summer maize growth period, the water supply and demand ratio is regarded as the evaluation index of drought and waterlogging for the summer maize in Liaocheng City. Using GIS, statistics, agrometeorology and other methods, we analyze the precipitation during the summer maize growth period in Luxi Plains from 1961 to 2011. Through the calculation of drought and waterlogging index, it indicates that the disasters of drought and waterlogging frequently occur during the summer maize growth period, mainly affected by the drought; the frequency of occurrence of drought accounts for 80.4%, that is, it is very prone to serious drought phenomenon, seriously affecting the normal growth and development of summer maize during the seedling period. With global warming, the industrial and domestic water demand is increasing year by year, so it is extremely difficult to increase the water diversion to solve the problem of water shortage for the growth of summer maize. Finally we put forth the following recommendations: (i) Selecting drought-resistant varieties, and improving the water resource use efficiency; (ii) Promoting the water and fertilizer coupling, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, micro-irrigation and other water-saving irrigation technologies, and improving the water use efficiency; (iii) Promoting the ditch, ridge and laminating cultivation technology, reducing the field evapotranspiration, keeping warming and conserving moisture, and saving water resources; (iv) Strengthening the construction of water conservancy facilities, so that it can be irrigated during drought and drained during waterlogging; (v) During dry season, timely organizing artificial rainfall operation, and increasing precipitation in arid areas to ease drought; (vi) Rationally exploiting the groundwater, and improving the underground water use efficiency.