Dinamica ocupării forţei de muncă sectoriale în regiunile din România şi ţările UE – principalele caracteristici şi tendinţe

The reduction in the development gaps among countries and regions and, implicitly, poverty alleviation, was and continues to be the greatest challenge the EU countries face in light of economic and social cohesion policies. For Romania, the cohesion policy is highly important, since most of the regions and counties reveal large development gaps both towards the more advanced EU countries, and towards some of the New Member States. As proved in the literature, the economic structure by sectors plays a very important part in the dynamics of development gaps at sub-national level, due to its impacts on the income level and distribution in the regions/sub-regions of a country. In the perspective of increased globalization, population ageing and labor market mutations, difficult recovery from economic crises, and persistent inter-country, inter-regions and intra-regional development gaps, the goals of cohesion policy in the EU member states in the future programming period, 2014-2020, envisage, among others, the best use of regional/local human, natural and capital resources in order to increase the living standard of all citizens. The paper presents an analysis of the sectoral employment dynamics in the regions of Romania and other EU countries, using various structural coefficients, in the attempt to identify patterns of sectoral convergence or divergence in the national/regional labor markets, and the likely impact of economic crisis on sectoral employment.