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Religion and education: an analysis on student performance in the Brazilian National High School Exam (ENEM)

Author

Listed:
  • Gerson Silva dos Santos

    (Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel))

  • Julia Gallego Ziero Uhr

    (Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel))

  • Silvio da Rosa Paula

    (Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea))

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of Protestant religion on academic per-formance. To this end, it was considered the precedent of Max Weber and the literature that points out the importance of education in the movement led by Martin Luther. Thus, it was decided to work with the comparison between the Protestant and Catholic confessions. In order to achieve the proposed objective, microdata from the 2009 edition of the National High School Exam (Enem) were used. The empirical strategy followed a quasi-experimental approach, using the estimator of ordinary least squares weighted by weights generated with the entro-py balancing technique. The results found indicate that Protestant or evangelical candidates performed better in the tests of human sciences; natural sciences; lan-guages and writing. On the other hand, Catholics performed better in the math test, thus corroborating other studies conducted to Brazil.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerson Silva dos Santos & Julia Gallego Ziero Uhr & Silvio da Rosa Paula, 2023. "Religion and education: an analysis on student performance in the Brazilian National High School Exam (ENEM)," Revista de Economia Mackenzie (REM), Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Social and Applied Sciences Center, vol. 20(1), pages 36-57, january-j.
    • Handle: RePEc:aft:journl:v:20:1:2023:jan:jun:p:36-57
    DOI: 10.5935/1808-2785/rem.v20n1p.36-57
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    education; quasi-experimental methods; religion.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Z12 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Religion
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models

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