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Agglomeration, Misallocation, and (the Lack of) Competition

Author

Listed:
  • Wyatt J. Brooks
  • Joseph P. Kaboski
  • Yao Amber Li

Abstract

Industrial agglomeration policies may limit competition. We develop, validate, and apply a novel approach for measuring competition based on the comovement of markups and market shares among firms in the same location and industry. Then we develop a model of how this reduction in competition affects aggregate income. We apply our approach to the well-known special economic zones (SEZs) of China. We estimate that firms in SEZs exhibit cooperative pricing almost three times as intensively as firms outside SEZs. Nevertheless, we model the aggregate consequences of SEZs and find positive effects because markups become higher but also more equal.

Suggested Citation

  • Wyatt J. Brooks & Joseph P. Kaboski & Yao Amber Li, 2021. "Agglomeration, Misallocation, and (the Lack of) Competition," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 13(4), pages 483-519, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aejmac:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:483-519
    DOI: 10.1257/mac.20180443
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hsu, Wen-Tai & Lu, Yi & Luo, Xuan & Zhu, Lianming, 2023. "Foreign direct investment and industrial agglomeration: Evidence from China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 610-639.
    2. Ashintya Damayati & Chaikal Nuryakin & Muhammad Halley Yudhistira & Teguh Dartanto, 2024. "Industrial location policy, exporting activity, and firms’ collusive behavior: scrutinizing the unintended effect of industrial location policy in Indonesia," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 51(4), pages 815-858, December.
    3. Görg, Holger & Mulyukova, Alina, 2024. "Place-based policies and firm performance: Evidence from Special Economic Zones in India," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • P25 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies - - - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics
    • P31 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
    • R32 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Other Spatial Production and Pricing Analysis

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