Relation of Vitamin D and Immunity with Reference to Unani System of Medicine: A Review

Inadequate levels of Vitamin D are linked to an elevated risk of numerous adverse health outcomes. This vitamin holds a crucial role in immunity and is traditionally recognized for its impact on calcium regulation and bone stability. Various cell types, including immune cells like antigen-presenting cells, T cells, B cells, and monocytes, harbor enzymes responsible for metabolizing vitamin D and vitamin D receptors (VDR). Vitamin D exhibits an autocrine role within the local immune environment, influencing both innate and adaptive immune responses. A deficiency in vitamin D is associated with reduced autoimmunity and heightened susceptibility to infections. Interestingly, the positive effects of vitamin D supplementation extend beyond its influence on calcium and bone stability, particularly in individuals without autoimmune diseases. In the Unani medical system, which prioritizes human health, the primary function of Tabiat (immunity) is to maintain well-being. Tabiat plays a critical role in various disease stages, and if not properly managed, it can contribute to the progression of the disease. Unani physicians employ diverse natural therapies, with regiminal therapy being one of them. This review article aims to delve into this ancient holistic approach and establish connections with modern theories, emphasizing the Unani system's focus on promoting overall health and preventing disease through immune system management.