Organizational and economic factors of the development of the Russian machine tool industry

Development of the Russian production of machine tool products is a necessary condition for ensuring the technological security of the country. To increase the competitiveness and restore the lost positions of the Russian machine tool industry in the domestic market, as well as the subsequent formation and increase of export potential, the federal project «Development of machine tool industry production», «Strategy for the development of the machine tool industry for the period up to 2035» were developed. The Strategy indicates that in Russian reality, the application of development models used by the leading countries is not possible. The Strategy actually leaves open the question of the Russian model for the development of the machine tool industry. The purpose of the article is to show that organizational and economic factors can be crucial for the successful development of the Russian machine tool industry, to justify a number of appropriate measures to implement the Strategy. It is shown that government policy should favor the realization of economies of scale by the Russian machine tool builders by increasing their specialization, which is especially important given the limited capacity of the Russian market of machine tool products. The deepening of specialization implies the expansion of cooperation between the participants of this market. The procedure for providing state support to projects in machine tool construction requires revision. In order to reduce dependence on imported elements of the component base of machine tools, it is necessary not only to implement targeted government funding for relevant research and development, production establishment, but also to develop cooperation between the participants of the machine tool industry, going beyond the established integrated structures. At the regional level, a significant contribution can be made to link research centers to the production centers, and to increase the level of interaction between Russian consumers and manufacturers of products at the stage of its development. In addition to addressing the bottlenecks in the industry, it is important to have a base for searching fundamental and applied research in the future. The state is called to initiate the formation of such a base and ensure its financing.