Mentoring as a Social Institution and Its Types in Modern Realities

  The purpose of this article is to consider and determine the features of the types of mentoring in modern realities.  The relevance of the consideration of this topic for the successful implementation of the individual’s activities in various fields, as well as within the framework of the revival of the institute of mentoring, is substantiated. The essence of mentoring as a social institution at the present time is analyzed. The factors that contributed to the change in the organizational andcontent side of mentoring are described. The types of mentoring are presented and differentiated: tutoring, mentoring, coaching, facilitation, reverse mentoring, as well as forms of mentoring: individual and group. The scope of application of each type of mentoring is described. Based on the analysis of publications, the issue of mentoring functions in various fields is considered: supportive, diagnostic, developmental, communicative and mediative. Research methods include analysis, synthesis, generalization and classification of theoretical works. In the process of writing this article, we analyzed domestic and foreign sources, which allowed us to summarize the experience in this direction and identify the characterological signs of mentoring as a social institution in modern realities. The results provide a description of the specific characteristics of each type of mentoring in the context of modern times, a description of the functions of mentoring.