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The Case for Respecting the Status quo in Islamic Finance دواعي احترام الوضع الراهن للتمويل الإسلامي

Author

Listed:
  • Rodney Wilson

    (Emeritus Professor, Durham University, UK)

Abstract

There are repeated calls for the reform of Islamic banking and finance from academic economists. Critics assert that Islamic financial institutions are simply replicating conventional banks and ignoring Sharīʿah teachings. There is a very critical rhetoric on Islamic banking practice, but this is expounded without examining the facts on the ground. In contrast, in this evidence-based investigation the activities of three leading Islamic banks are examined, Al Rajhi Bank, Maybank Islamic, and Meezan Bank. All three are found to have reputable scholars on their Sharīʿah boards to ensure compliance with Islamic law. These institutions are incorporated as listed companies rather than being mutual or co-operative organizations as some Islamic economists advocate. Being a limited liability company ensures they can raise risk capital and conform to international regulations which are enforced by central banks. The three case studies reveal that the banks have been innovative in the deposit facilities offered as well as in their financing methods. Much of their financing is through leasing for vehicle acquisition and residential mortgages. Although focused on retail customers, the banks also provide commercial and investment banking services for companies and finance for small and medium sized enterprises. In summary, far from being broken, Islamic banks provide helpful financing for modern economies. هناك دعوات متكررة لإصلاح المصرفية والتمويل الإسلامي من الاقتصاديين الأكاديميين؛ لأنهم يرون أن المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية تقوم بكل بساطة بمحاكاة البنوك التقليدية وتتجاهل تعاليم الشريعة. وهذا بلا شك انتقاد قوي للممارسات المصرفية الإسلامية، ولكنه مع ذلك يفتقر لفحص الحقائق على أرض الواقع. وبالمقابل تظهر هذه الدراسة المتفحصة لأنشطة ثلاثة مصارف إسلامية رائدة، وهي مصرف الراجحي، وماي بنك الإسلامي، وبنك ميزان أن هذه المصارف تتمتع بسمعة جيدة فيما يتعلق بامتثالها للشريعة بسبب وجود علماء مرموقين في هيئاتها الشرعية. كما تم إدراج هذه المصارف في السوق المالية كشركات ذات مسؤولية محدودة بدلاً من تحولها لمنظمات تعاونية كما يطالب بعض الاقتصاديين الإسلاميين، وهو ما منحها القدرة على زيادة رأس مالها والتوافق مع التنظيمات الدولية التي تطبقها البنوك المركزية. كما تظهر دراسات المصارف الثلاث أنها طورت منتجات مبتكرة سواء في مجال الودائع أو طرق التمويل. والملاحظ أن جزءًا كبيرًا من تمويلها يتم من خلال تأجير السيارات المنتهي بالتمليك وتمويل شراء المساكن. وعلى الرغم من تركيز هذه المصارف على عملاء التجزئة، إلا أنها توفر خدمات مصرفية واستثمارية للشركات الكبيرة والصغيرة والمتوسطة. وخلاصة القول، إن البنوك الإسلامية ليست فقط في مأمن من الانهيار، بل توفر تمويلاً مفيدًا للاقتصادات الحديثة.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodney Wilson, 2020. "The Case for Respecting the Status quo in Islamic Finance دواعي احترام الوضع الراهن للتمويل الإسلامي," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 33(2), pages 93-100, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:33:y:2020:i:2:no:6:p:93-100
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.33-2.6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rusni Hassan, 2020. "Reforming Islamic Finance: Why and How? إصلاح التمويل الإسلامي: لماذا و كيف؟," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 33(2), pages 67-80, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Islamic banking; Deposits; Financing services. المصرفية الإسلامية، الودائع، خدمات التمويل.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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