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Successive Partnership in Islamic Banks المشاركة المتتالية في البنوك الإسلامية

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  • GAMALUDDIN ATTIYAH

    (Shari'ah College, University of Qatar, Qatar)

Abstract

The relationship between an Islamic bank and its depositors, and amongst depositors themselves, has usually been formulated on the basis of mudarabah contract (commenda). This involves overlapping periods of time, as the dates of deposit, withdrawal, initiation of investments and their liquidation cannot be matched to determine the actual profit/loss due to any given deposit. One way to overcome the problem is to formulate the relationship between bank and depositors on the basis of agency contract for a fixed fee. The bank's fee becomes independent of the dates and of the realised profit/ loss due to depositors. The relationship amongst depositors however still requires a juristic formulation that overcomes the problem caused by overlapping periods of time. For this we propose a novel contract Successive Partnership, and indicate its juristic characteristics and conditions. إن تكييف علاقة المصرف الإسلامي بالمودعين، وعلاقة المودعين فيما بينهم على أساس عقد المضاربة يثير مشكلة تطبيقية، هي مسألة التداخل الزمني، ونقصد بها، اختلاف مواعيد الإيداع والسحب بين المودعين وكذلك مواعيد بدء وتصفية الاستثمارات التي استخدمت فيها أموال الودائع، الأمر الذي يحول دون تحديد الربح أو الخسارة الفعلية العائدة لأي وديعة بعينها. ويمكن التغلب على هذه المشكلة بأن نجعل علاقة البنك بالمودعين قائمة على أساس الوكالة بأجر (بدل المضاربة): حيث يعتبر البنك وكيلا عن المودعين في استثمار أموالهم لقاء أجر ثابت، أو لقاء نسبة من مبلغ الوديعة ذاتها، وذلك يجعل دخل البنك مستقلا عن مواعيد ونتائج عمليات الاستثمار الفعلية. أما علاقة المودعين بعضهم ببعض فإنها تبقى بحاجة إلى تأصيل فقهي يأخذ في الحسبان مسألة التداخل الزمني المذكورة. ونقترح لذلك صيغة عقد مستحدث سميناه: المشاركة المتتالية، وبينا بعض خصائصه وضوابطه.

Suggested Citation

  • Gamaluddin Attiyah, 1989. "Successive Partnership in Islamic Banks المشاركة المتتالية في البنوك الإسلامية," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 1(1), pages 111-121, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:1:y:1989:i:1:no:13:p:111-121
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.1-1.13
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