Author
Listed:
- SALAH AL TIJANI HAMOUDI
(Assistant Professor, Faculty of Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia)
Abstract
The paper reviews the methods used by guided Caliph Umar Ibn al-Khattab (13-23 A.H.) to face the famine of year 18 A.H. when drought struck Arabia. The problem was further complicated by the plague, which struck most of Syria during 17-18 A.H. Umar acted decisively and wisely, setting exemplary precedents to any responsible Muslim ruler. He mobilized food supplies from Egypt and Iraq, personally supervised their distribution, refrained personally from eating good food or eating at home. He delayed collection of zakat, and suspended the statutory punishment of theft (hadd) because of the likelihood that the thief is in dire need. He joined the people in prayer to Allah to alleviate the drought. After the famine, Umar ordered his Governor in Egypt. Amr Ibn AI-Aass to dig a canal connecting the Nile to the Red Sea to ensure regular supplies of food from Egypt to Arabia. يبين البحث كيف عالج الخليفة الراشد عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه (13-23هـ) مشكلة المجاعة حين انحبس المطر عن جزيرة العرب عام 18هـ الذي سمي عام الرمادة. وزاد المشكلة تعقيداً تزامن المجاعة مع طاعون عمواس الذي اجتاح شطراً من بلاد الشام ف يعام 17 و 18هـ. وعلى الرغم من حداثة الدولة واتساعها الكير حينئذ فإن عمر تصدى للمجاعة بقوة وحكمة وضرب أروع الأمثلة لما يجب أن يكون عليه الحاكم المسلم المسؤول عن رعيته في كل شبر من أرضها. فقد سعى لجلب الطعام من مصر والعراق، وأشرف بنفسه على توزيعه، وشارك الرعية مصابهم فمنع نفسه طيب الطعام أو الأكل في بيته. كما أخر جباية الزكاة ولم ينفذ حد السرقة عام المجاعة لشبهة الاضطرار، وتوجه مع المسلمين إلى الله بالدعاء. وبعد انتهاء المجاعة أمر عمر عامله على مصر عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه بحفر قناة تصل النيل بالبحر الأحمر لضمان سهولة إمداد الطعام من مصر إلى جزيرة العرب.
Suggested Citation
Salah Al Tijani Hamoudi, 1989.
"Caliph Umar's Handling of The Problem of Hunger During The Famine Year معالجة الخليفة عمر بن الخطاب لمشلكة المجاعة في عام الرمادة,"
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 1(1), pages 85-109, January.
Handle:
RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:1:y:1989:i:1:no:12:p:85-109
DOI: 10.4197/islec.1-1.12
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