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Deficit Financing: Its Legality and Alternatives From Islamic Viewpoint التمويل بالعجز : شرعيته ، وبدائله ، من منظور إسلامي

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  • NAJAH ABDUL ALM ABU'L FUTUH

    (DEPARTMENT OF Economics, Girls Islamic College Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt)

Abstract

Deficit financing ( or inflationary financing ) is a means to finance the deficit in the government budget which is adopted to achieve important economic goals. It is a new provision for which we do not find any special evidence in the Quran, Sunnah or consensus. Nor a precedence is found in such a matter to stick to it or to apply analogy to it. In the light f this, we may treat 'deficit financing' as a matter needed by the nation and that it is to be compatible with shaiah policy, it must be in accordance to the spirit of shariah and its overall objectives to achieve its social goals, even if no specific text is found in the Quran and Sunnah. The paper argues that the deficit financing is not compatible with shariah policy basedon : 1- A comparison between its cost and benefits, especially due to its violation of justice in distribution of income and wealth and so its oppsotion to the shariah spirit and its evidences. 2- The Islamic Economics offers legal alternatives which can achieve the objectives of deficit financing more efficiently without violating justice. التمويل بالعجز ( أو التمويل التضخمي ) وسيلة من وسائل تمويل عجز ميزانية الدول يلتجأ إليه لتحقيق أهداف اقتصادية هامة . وهو أمر مستحدث لا نجد له دليلا خاصاً من الكتاب والسنة والإجماع ، ولا نظير سبق لبعض هذه الأدلة الحكم فيه حتى يمكن أن نربطه به ونقيس عليه . في ضوء ذلك يمكن طرح التمويل بالعجز باعتباره أمراً تتطلبه حاجة الأمة . وحتى يستقيم كسياسة شرعية فلا بد أن يكون متفقاً مع روح الشريعة ومقاصدها الكلية محققاً لأغراضها الاجتماعية ولو لم يدل عله شيء من النصوص التفصيلية الجزئية الواردة في الكتاب والسنة . يقترح البحث أن التمويل بالعجز لا يستقيم كسياسة شرعية وذلك بناء على: أ ) أن الموازنة تتضمن فاعليته ومنافعه ومضاره ، سيما مجافاته للعدل ( في توزيع الدخول والثروات ) ومن ثم عدم اتفاقه مع روح الشريعة وأطلتها. ب) أن الاقتصاد الإسلامي يوفر بدائل مشروعة يمكن أن تحقق أهداف التمويل بالعجز بدقة وفاعلية أكبر دون مساس بالعدل .

Suggested Citation

  • Najah Abdul Alm Abu'L Futuh, 2003. "Deficit Financing: Its Legality and Alternatives From Islamic Viewpoint التمويل بالعجز : شرعيته ، وبدائله ، من منظور إسلامي," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 15(1), pages 57-101, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:15:y:2003:i:1:no:5:p:57-101
    DOI: 10.4197/islec.15-1.5
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