Outbreak, transmission and infection of the new coronavirus in 2019

The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious and pathogenic viral infection that first appeared in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. The rapid spread of the virus around the world among humans is still going on. Genomic analysis has shown that the virus is 96% identical to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. The transmission of the virus from the origin to humans is not known yet, but its rapid transmission from human to human has been widely confirmed. The virus increases the risk of mortality in people with a history of heart disease, diabetes, kidney problems and high blood pressure. Researchers found that the mortality rate is higher in men than women and elderly male patients above 60 are also at high risk. To date, no effective and approved antiviral medicine or vaccine is available for use against COVID-19. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that humans should protect themselves and prevent the spread of the virus by taking personal hygiene, keeping a distance from people infected with the virus, and even quarantine. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the issues and necessary points for people to identify and deal effectively with the novel coronavirus and to provide a reference for future studies on coronaviruses.