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Public R&D Subsidies: Collaborative versus Individual Place-Based Programs for SMEs

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This paper provides novel empirical evidence on the effectiveness of regional research and innovation policies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It investigated two subsidy programs implemented at the regional level in central Italy. One program targeted SMEs’ individual investments in research, and the other focused on collaborative research between SMEs and universities. Using a matched difference-in-differences approach, the empirical analysis showed that the two programs had different effects. The first was successful in stimulating additional private R&D investment and improving firms’ performance. The second had weaker effects, mostly restricted to R&D expenditure and employment. These effects were not always uniformly distributed among project participants.

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  • Andrea Bellucci & Luca Pennacchio & Alberto Zazzaro, 2017. "Public R&D Subsidies: Collaborative versus Individual Place-Based Programs for SMEs," CSEF Working Papers 488, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    • Handle: RePEc:sef:csefwp:488
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    1. Lokshin, Boris & Hagedoorn, John & Letterie, Wilko, 2011. "The bumpy road of technology partnerships: Understanding causes and consequences of partnership mal-functioning," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 297-308, March.
    2. Jerzy Michalek & Pavel Ciaian & D'Artis Kancs, 2016. "Investment Crowding Out: Firm-Level Evidence from Northern Germany," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(9), pages 1579-1594, September.
    3. Bronwyn H. Hall & Albert N. Link & John T. Scott, 2003. "Universities as Research Partners," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 85(2), pages 485-491, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of indirect effects of place-based science-industry transfer policies: Case of French Technological Research Institutes," Working Papers halshs-02998262, HAL.
    2. Aronica, Martina & Fazio, Giorgio & Piacentino, Davide, 2022. "A micro-founded approach to regional innovation in Italy," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    3. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Junichi Nishimura, 2021. "Effects of multilevel policy mix of public R&D subsidies: Empirical evidence from Japanese local SMEs [The Impact of R&D Subsidies on R&D Employment Composition]," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 48(6), pages 829-840.
    4. Andrea Bellucci & Luca Pennacchio & Alberto Zazzaro, 2019. "R&D Subsidies and Firms’ Debt Financing," CSEF Working Papers 527, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    5. Jun, Seung-Pyo & Yoo, Hyoung Sun & Hwang, Jeena, 2021. "A hybrid recommendation model for successful R&D collaboration: Mixing machine learning and discriminant analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    6. Wildmer Daniel Gregori, 2018. "To what extent do fiscal spending rules affect budget composition?," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 42(3), pages 325-345.
    7. Shiyuan Liu & Jiang Du & Weike Zhang & Xiaoli Tian, 2021. "Opening the box of subsidies: which is more effective for innovation?," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 11(3), pages 421-449, September.
    8. Claudia Cantabene & Iacopo Grassi, 2020. "R&D cooperation in SMEs: the direct effect and the moderating role of human capital," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(28), pages 3090-3105, June.
    9. Hyoung Sun Yoo & Chul Lee & Seung-Pyo Jun, 2018. "The Characteristics of SMEs Preferring Cooperative Research and Development Support from the Government: The Case of Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, August.
    10. Bellucci, Andrea & Borisov, Alexander & Giombini, Germana & Zazzaro, Alberto, 2023. "Information asymmetry, external certification, and the cost of bank debt," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    11. Ruben Fotso, 2022. "Evaluating the indirect effects of cluster-based innovation policies: the case of the Technological Research Institutes in France," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 1070-1114, August.
    12. Lucky Hikmat Maulana, 2023. "The existence of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in economic growth, employment, and national income is the main reason for making it a priority for government and community attention. The," Technium Business and Management, Technium Science, vol. 4(1), pages 67-76.
    13. Kseniia Boiko, 2022. "R&D activity and firm performance: mapping the field," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 72(4), pages 1051-1087, December.
    14. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of technological platforms as a technology transfer tool: the impact of French Technological Research Institutes on the socio-economic performance of SMEs," Working Papers halshs-02998309, HAL.
    15. Hyensup Shim & Kiyoon Shin, 2021. "Empirical Analysis of Evidence-Based Policymaking in R&D Programmes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    16. Hiroyuki Okamuro & Junichi Nishimura, 2020. "What Shapes Local Innovation Policies? Empirical Evidence from Japanese Cities," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-22, February.
    17. Ahn, Joon Mo & Lee, Weonvin & Mortara, Letizia, 2020. "Do government R&D subsidies stimulate collaboration initiatives in private firms?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    18. Lee, Jeongwon & Hwang, Junseok & Kim, Hana, 2022. "Different government support effects on emerging and mature ICT sectors," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    19. Zibiao Li & Siwei Wang & Keyuan Sun & Han Li & Xue Lu, 2022. "Energy Conservation or Emission Reduction? The Effects of Different Types of Environmental Regulations on Enterprises’ Green Innovation Preference," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, June.
    20. Alberto Bertello & Alberto Ferraris & Paola Bernardi & Bernardo Bertoldi, 2022. "Challenges to open innovation in traditional SMEs: an analysis of pre-competitive projects in university-industry-government collaboration," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 89-104, March.
    21. Bettina Becker, 2020. "The Impact of Innovation Policy on Firm Innovation and Performance: A Review of Recent Research Developments," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 17(04), pages 10-15, January.
    22. Kim Kiman & Yu Jongmin, 2022. "Linear or Nonlinear? Investigation an Affect of Public Subsidies on SMEs R&D Investment," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(3), pages 2519-2546, September.
    23. Kou, Mingting & Yang, Yuanqi & Chen, Kaihua, 2020. "The impact of external R&D financing on innovation process from a supply-demand perspective," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 375-387.
    24. Ju Hwan Seo & Daemyeong Cho, 2020. "Analysis of the Effect of R&D Planning Support for SMEs Using Latent Growth Modeling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Public Subsidies; R&D; Impact Evaluation; SMEs; Cooperation; Regional Policy.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

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