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¿Quiénes son los docentes en Colombia? Características generales y brechas regionales

Author

Listed:
  • Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Erika Londoño-Ortega

    (Instituto Colombiano para la Evaluación de la Educación - ICFES)

  • Lina Cardona-Sosa

    (Institute for Fiscal Studies - IFS)

  • Luis Daniel Trujillo-Escalante

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

Abstract

Este documento presenta una descripción detallada de los docentes del sector oficial en Colombia, haciendo especial énfasis en las marcadas brechas regionales. El análisis se basa en registros oficiales del Ministerio de Educación Nacional, que incluyen información detallada de todos los docentes oficiales del país. Además, se miden las habilidades académicas de los docentes a través de los puntajes que estos obtuvieron en las pruebas SABER 11, cuando eran estudiantes de bachillerato. Los resultados indican que, así como hay importantes diferencias entre instituciones educativas urbanas y rurales, aquellas ubicadas en municipios pequeños (no certificados) y regiones periféricas también enfrentan grandes dificultades para atraer y retener buenos docentes. Esto se ve reflejado tanto en la menor formación y las bajas habilidades académicas de los docentes como en la alta provisionalidad de la planta. Estas características están, a su vez, fuertemente correlacionadas con el desempeño de los alumnos en todos los niveles. **** ABSTRACT: This paper presents a comprehensive description of public school teachers in Colombia, with a particular emphasis on regional gaps. Our analysis is based on administrative records from the Ministry of Education, which contain detailed information on all public school teachers in the country. Additionally, we match teachers' records to the high school national exit exam (SABER 11) to obtain a measure of their academic skills. Results indicate that, while urbanrural gaps are important, they are not the only sources of regional inequality. Schools located in small (uncertified) municipalities and peripheral regions also face great difficulties to attract and retain highly skilled teachers. This is reflected in the teachers' educational attainment and test scores, and also in the share of provisional appointments. These characteristics are, in turn, strongly correlated with students' performance at all levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía & Erika Londoño-Ortega & Lina Cardona-Sosa & Luis Daniel Trujillo-Escalante, 2018. "¿Quiénes son los docentes en Colombia? Características generales y brechas regionales," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 276, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:276
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.276
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bonet-Morón, Jaime Alfredo, 2008. "Inequidad espacial en la dotación educativa regional en Colombia," Chapters, in: Bonet-Morón, Jaime Alfredo (ed.), Geografía económica y análisis espacial en Colombia, chapter 4, pages 143-173, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. David K. Evans & Anna Popova, 2016. "What Really Works to Improve Learning in Developing Countries? An Analysis of Divergent Findings in Systematic Reviews," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 31(2), pages 242-270.
    3. Zelda Brutti & Fabio Sánchez, 2017. "Does Better Teacher Selection Lead to Better Students? Evidence from a Large Scale Reform in Colombia," Documentos CEDE 15350, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    4. repec:bdr:ensayo:v::y:2006:i:51:p:92-128 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Natalia Ariza Ramírez & Bibiana Quiroga Forero & María Angélica Ardila Lara, 2017. "Revisión de gasto sector educación," Informes de Investigación 16040, Fedesarrollo.
    6. Zelda Brutti, 2016. "Cities drifting apart: Heterogeneous outcomes of decentralizing public education," Working Papers 2016/26, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    7. Juan D. Barón & Leonardo Bonilla & Lina Cardona-Sosa & Mónica Ospina, 2013. "¿Quiénes eligen la disciplina de la educación en Colombia? Caracterización desde el desempeño en las pruebas SABER 11," Borradores de Economia 10986, Banco de la Republica.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Docentes; educación; desigualdad regional; Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General

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