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Équilibre et rationalité dans un univers complexe

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  • Laurent Thévenot

Abstract

[eng] Equilibrium and rationality in a complex univers. . In this article, the author attempts to reinterpret some problems encountered by neoclassical economie theory whenever it addresses situations removed from a perfect competitive market. In these cases, this theory must have recourse to notions foreign to its basic assumptions (organization, reputation, trust, etc.). The author identifies the requirements of a justifiable action, i.e. one which is founded on objective reasons and depends on a form of coordination, and which thereby allows for an equilibrium. The foregoing makes it possible to locate market relations within a broader range of justifiable forms of action. The identification of these different constitutive conventions which serve as common prerequisi-tes for action, and the analysis of their critical relations, bring new Hght on problems raised by simultaneous reference to the market and to organizations or institutions. Given the complexity of a universe in which several forms of coordination which allow for equilibrium are available, there is a need to redefine the concept of rationality so as to account for the way actions are variably adjusted to the plurality of these forms of coordination. [fre] Équilibre et rationalité dans un univers complexe. . L'article propose de réinterpréter certaines difficultés rencontrées par la théorie néoclassique lorsqu'elle traite de situations éloignées de l'échange sur un marché concurrentiel parfait et qu'elle doit recourir à des notions étrangères à son axiomatique originelle (organisation, réputation, confiance, etc.). En explicitant les contraintes générales d'une action justifiable qui suppose des raisons objectives d'agir et une forme de coordination ouvrant la possibilité d'un équilibre, l'auteur cherche à replacer l'action marchande au sein d'une pluralité d'autres formes d'actions justifiables. L'identification de ces différentes conventions constitutives qui peuvent servir de présupposé commun à l'action, et la mise en évidence de leurs rapports critiques, apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les problèmes que soulève la référence conjointe aux notions de marché et d'organisation, ou d'institution. La prise en compte d'un univers complexe, dans lequel plusieurs formes de coordination et donc d'équilibre sont possibles, invite à réélaborer la notion de rationalité réclamée par le jeu flexible que permet cette pluralité.

Suggested Citation

  • Laurent Thévenot, 1989. "Équilibre et rationalité dans un univers complexe," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 40(2), pages 147-198.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1989_num_40_2_409138
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