IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/sek/iacpro/0202135.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Capital Structure and Profitability of Quoted Firms: The Nigerian Perspective (2000-2011)

Author

Listed:
  • BABATUNDE YUSUF

    (LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY)

  • AKINWUNMI ONAFALUJO

    (LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS)

  • KHADIJAH IDOWU

    (LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS)

  • YUSUF SOYEBO

    (LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY, OJO, LAGOS)

Abstract

The study investigates the relationship between capital structure and profitability of conglomerate, consumer goods, and financial services firms quoted in Nigeria Stock Exchange. In this paper, the sample data collected from the ten randomly selected firms among the three industries were from 2000 to 2011. This comprises a sample size of 120 used for the study. The study used Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) as performance proxies. In addition, debt equity ratio (DER) and debt asset ratio (DAR) were used as capital structure proxies. The relationship between the performance and capital structure proxies were analysed using correlation coefficient and regression techniques. According to the results, the relationship between capital structure (both DER and DAR) and return on asset (ROA) is not significant across all firms except for 7up and Nestle. It also shows an insignificant relationship between return on equity (ROE) and DAR. However, there is a significant relationship in almost all firms between return on equity and debt to equity. This justifies that a highly geared firm tends to have high profitability. Moreover, the nature of the industry also determines the effect of capital structure on their profitability. In the financial firms, there is a negative significant relationship between return on equity and debt to assets ratio. In the conglomerate firms, there is also a negative relationship between return on assets (ROA) and debt to equity ratio however not significant. This explains that highly geared firms have significant relationship with return on equity while insignificant with return on assets. The study recommends that firms that want to maximise shareholders wealth should increase their leverage while firms that ensure stakeholders performance should increase their assets. Conclusively, a mix of the firms? leverage and assets at an appropriate ratio will be considered a good capital structure for the firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Babatunde Yusuf & Akinwunmi Onafalujo & Khadijah Idowu & Yusuf Soyebo, 2014. "Capital Structure and Profitability of Quoted Firms: The Nigerian Perspective (2000-2011)," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 0202135, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
  • Handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0202135
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://iises.net/proceedings/10th-international-academic-conference-vienna/table-of-content/detail?cid=2&iid=115&rid=2135
    File Function: First version, 2014
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stewart C. Myers & Nicholas S. Majluf, 1984. "Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions When Firms Have InformationThat Investors Do Not Have," NBER Working Papers 1396, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Myers, Stewart C. & Majluf, Nicholas S., 1984. "Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 187-221, June.
    3. AMOS O. AROWOSHEGBE. Ph.D; ACA. & JEREMIAH O. IDIALU. Ph.D; FCA., 2013. "Capital Structure And Profitability Of Quoted Companies In Nigeria," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 3(3), pages 99-106, March.
    4. Huang, Guihai & Song, Frank M., 2006. "The determinants of capital structure: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 14-36.
    5. AMOS O. AROWOSHEGBE. Ph.D; ACA. & JEREMIAH O. IDIALU. Ph.D; FCA., 2013. "Capital Structure And Profitability Of Quoted Companies In Nigeria," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 3(3), pages 99-106, March.
    6. Michael S. Long & Ileen B. Malitz, 1985. "Investment Patterns and Financial Leverage," NBER Chapters, in: Corporate Capital Structures in the United States, pages 325-352, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Sebastian Ofumbia Uremadu & Rapuluchukwu Uchenna Efobi, 2012. "The Impact of Capital Structure and Liquidity on Corporate Returns in Nigeria: Evidence from Manufacturing Firms," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 2(3), pages 1-16, July.
    8. Stephen A. Ross, 1977. "The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive-Signalling Approach," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 8(1), pages 23-40, Spring.
    9. Rajan, Raghuram G & Zingales, Luigi, 1995. "What Do We Know about Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(5), pages 1421-1460, December.
    10. Kim, E Han, 1978. "A Mean-Variance Theory of Optimal Capital Structure and Corporate Debt Capacity," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 33(1), pages 45-63, March.
    11. Yang, Chau-Chen & Lee, Cheng-few & Gu, Yan-Xiang & Lee, Yen-Wen, 2010. "Co-determination of capital structure and stock returns--A LISREL approach: An empirical test of Taiwan stock markets," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 222-233, May.
    12. Desai, Mihir A. & Fritz Foley, C. & Hines Jr., James R., 2008. "Capital structure with risky foreign investment," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(3), pages 534-553, June.
    13. Brennan, Michael J & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 1984. "Optimal Financial Policy and Firm Valuation," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(3), pages 593-607, July.
    14. Mahajan, Arvind & Tartaroglu, Semih, 2008. "Equity market timing and capital structure: International evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 754-766, May.
    15. Harris, Milton & Raviv, Artur, 1991. "The Theory of Capital Structure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(1), pages 297-355, March.
    16. repec:rej:journl:v:15:y:2012:i:45:p:3-26 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Myers, Stewart C., 1984. "Capital structure puzzle," Working papers 1548-84., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
    18. Myers, Stewart C, 1984. "The Capital Structure Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(3), pages 575-592, July.
    19. Céspedes, Jacelly & González, Maximiliano & Molina, Carlos A., 2010. "Ownership and capital structure in Latin America," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 248-254, March.
    20. Stewart C. Myers, 1984. "Capital Structure Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 1393, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    21. Margaritis, Dimitris & Psillaki, Maria, 2010. "Capital structure, equity ownership and firm performance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 621-632, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hang, Markus & Geyer-Klingeberg, Jerome & Rathgeber, Andreas W. & Stöckl, Stefan, 2018. "Measurement matters—A meta-study of the determinants of corporate capital structure," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 211-225.
    2. Le, Thi Phuong Vy & Phan, Thi Bich Nguyet, 2017. "Capital structure and firm performance: Empirical evidence from a small transition country," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 710-726.
    3. Zhang, Dongyang & Liu, Deqiang, 2017. "Determinants of the capital structure of Chinese non-listed enterprises: Is TFP efficient?," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 179-202.
    4. repec:rej:journl:v:15:y:2012:i:45:p:3-26 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Raja Zekri Ben Hamouda & Nessrine Hamzaoui & Faouzi Jilani, 2023. "Capital Structure Determinants: New Evidence from the MENA Region Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 144-163, January.
    6. Stefan Stöckl, 2017. "Measurement matters - A meta-Study of the determinants of corporate capital structure," Post-Print hal-01772346, HAL.
    7. Rizov, Marian, 2008. "Corporate capital structure and how soft budget constraints may affect it," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 22(4), pages 648-684.
    8. Joliet, Robert & Muller, Aline, 2013. "Capital structure effects of international expansion," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 375-393.
    9. repec:dgr:rugsom:01e54 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Miguel Acedo-Ramírez & Juan Ayala-Calvo & José Rodríguez-Osés, 2013. "Capital structure of small companies in the Spanish footwear sector: relevant factors," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 4(2), pages 155-173, June.
    11. Dr. Mahesh R. & Mr. Prasad V. Daddikar, 2013. "Influence of Capital Gearing on Firm Value Empirical Evidence from Indian Transport & Logistics Sector," Indian Journal of Commerce and Management Studies, Educational Research Multimedia & Publications,India, vol. 4(3), pages 60-66, September.
    12. Anwar, Sajid & Sun, Sizhong, 2015. "Can the presence of foreign investment affect the capital structure of domestic firms?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 32-43.
    13. Niloufar Rezaie Nejad & Shaista Wasiuzzaman, 2015. "Multilevel Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence from Malaysia," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 16(2), pages 199-212, April.
    14. Mai, Nhat Chi, 2012. "Market timing, taxes and capital structure: evidence from Vietnam," OSF Preprints t3mvs, Center for Open Science.
    15. Chen, Linda H. & Jiang, George J., 2001. "The financing behavior of Dutch firms," Research Report 01E54, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organisations and Management).
    16. Aleksandra Stoiljković & Slavica Tomić & Bojan Leković & Milenko Matić, 2022. "Determinants of Capital Structure: Empirical Evidence of Manufacturing Companies in the Republic of Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    17. Eric Molay, 2005. "La structure financière du capital:tests empiriques sur le marché français," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 8(4), pages 153-175, December.
    18. repec:dgr:rugsom:01e55 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Meskat Ibne Sharif, 2019. "Fundamental Drivers of Capital Structure: Evidence from Publicly Traded Non-financial U.S. Firms," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 113-122.
    20. Schauten, M.B.J. & Spronk, J., 2006. "Optimal Capital Structure: Reflections on Economic and Other Values," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2006-074-F&A, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    21. Mihaela Brindusa TUDOSE, 2012. "Dimensions of the research on capital structure and firm performance," Anale. Seria Stiinte Economice. Timisoara, Faculty of Economics, Tibiscus University in Timisoara, vol. 0, pages 879-886, May.
    22. Omer Bagais & Khaled Aljaaidi & Abdulaziz Alothman, 2021. "An Empirical Investigation of the Associations of Short and Long Debt Policies with Economic Values of Energy Sector," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(1), pages 249-254.
    23. San Martín, Pablo & Saona, Paolo, 2017. "Capital structure in the Chilean corporate sector: Revisiting the stylized facts," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 163-174.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Equity; Debt; Asset; Returns; Capital structure; Firm profitability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sek:iacpro:0202135. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Klara Cermakova (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://iises.net/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.