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아시아 취약국 ODA 지원전략과 CPS 개선방향 (Study on Korea's ODA for Fragile States in Asia)

Author

Listed:
  • Kwon , Yul

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Lee , Sang Mi

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Yoo , Aila

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

Abstract

Korean Abstract: 국제사회의 새로운 개발목표인 Post-2015 개발프레임워크가 채택되면서 전 세계 빈곤인구의 많은 부분을 차지하고 있는 취약국에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. SDGs의 경우, 경제 및 사회적으로 소외된 사람들에게 혜택을 제공함으로 달성 가능한 목표 및 세부목표가 다수 있으며, MDGs 보다 도전적인 목표로 평가되고 있기 때문에, 취약국 문제를 잘 해결하는 것이 새로운 개발목표 달성의 핵심이 될 것으로 보인다. 주요공여국은 1990년대부터 취약국 지원의 중요성을 인식하고 별도의 지원 전략을 수립하여 국가협력전략에 반영해 왔으며, 국제사회가 합의한 MDGs 달성에 있어서도 취약국에 대한 지원을 강조해왔다. 그러나 여전히 취약국에 전 세계 빈곤인구의 43%가 집중되어 있으며, 빈곤인구의 비율이 더욱 확대될 것으로 예상되고 있는 바, 평화구축, 국가체재 구축, 인도적 지원 등의 취약국 지원에 많은 정책적 노력이 필요한 상황이다. 최근 국무조정실이 발표한 한국의 2016-2020년 ODA 중점협력국 24개국 중에서 8개 국가가 취약국으로 분류되어 있으며, 이 중 5개국이 아시아 지역에 속해있다. 2015년 말까지 중점협력국에 대한 새로운 국가협력전략이 마련 될 예정이므로, 중점협력국의 상당수를 차지하는 취약국에 대한 협력전략 마련이 필요하다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 취약국의 개념과 기준, 주요 유형과 특징, 국제사회의 취약국 관련 논의 동향을 살펴보았다. 우리나라의 아시아 취약국 정책 및 CPS 수립에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고 시사점을 얻고자 한국 중점협력대상국 중 아시아 지역 취약국이자 최빈국 중 네팔, 미얀마를 대상으로 국제사회 지원 현황과 국제기구 및 선진공여국의 지원 사례, 우리나라의 지원 현황 및 성과를 검토하였다. (후략). English Abstract: As Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) were adopted in New York in September 2015, attentions on fragile states, where most of people under the poverty line have lived in, have been increased. Because SDGs will more focus on marginalized people in terms of economic and social perspective, it is important to address issues related to fragility in fragile and conflict-affected countries. Major donors have recognized importance of supporting fragile states since 1990 and they have established separate strategies and reflected it into country assistance strategy. They especially emphasized on supporting fragile states in order to achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, 43% of the world’s poor now live in countries and economies on the 2015 OECD fragile states list, by 2030, poverty could become increasingly concentrated in fragile states. Therefore, it requires much more effort to reduce poverty and development issues in fragile states such as peace-building, state-building, and humanitarian aid. Prime Minister’s Office of Korea released 24 priority partner countries for 2016-2020 in early 2015. Among them, 8 countries are categorized as a fragile state and 5 out of 8 belong to Asia. Korea plans to establish new Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) for priority partner countries. Because proportion of fragile states among priority partner countries is high, it is necessary to have cooperation strategy for them before establishing CPS. This study will analyze definition, standard, major categorizations and characteristics of fragile states as well as discussions on assistance to fragile states. Especially this research chooses Myanmar and Nepal, which were least developed countries (LDCs) as well as fragile states, for case study to figure out how donors and Korea support them in perspective of fragile states. (The rest omitted).

Suggested Citation

  • Kwon , Yul & Lee , Sang Mi & Yoo , Aila, 2015. "아시아 취약국 ODA 지원전략과 CPS 개선방향 (Study on Korea's ODA for Fragile States in Asia)," Policy Reference 15-11, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kiepre:2015_011
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2783574
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    Keywords

    Economic Cooperation; Economic Development; Fragile States; Asia; Nepal; Myanmar;
    All these keywords.

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