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An Anatomy of State Failures in The Forest Management in Pakistan

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  • Hasan, Lubna

Abstract

Deforestation remains one of the most intractable environmental problems of today. Pakistan also faces serious problem of depletion of its forest reserves.The general perception among planners is that over population is the primary culprit behind forest degradation. Moreover, people living close to forestlands, and using it for their needs, show an imprudent behaviour towards these forests and use it in an unsustainable manner. So there is tendency among the policy makers to find ways of keeping people away from this resource, and to strengthen government’s hold over it. This is a rather simplistic conception of the issue since most of the forests in Pakistan are state owned/managed, and responsibility for the protection/conservation of these forests rests with the state, therefore, any inquiry into the causes of forest degradation in Pakistan must analyse the state’s role in it. Putting the entire burden of deforestation on ‘other factors’ shifts attention away from more important causes (namely, failure of government to manage forests), and leads to wrong policy conclusions. This study intends to focus attention on this important factor behind deforestation - the role of state in forest degradation in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Hasan, Lubna, 2008. "An Anatomy of State Failures in The Forest Management in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 6513, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:6513
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lubna Hasan, 2001. "Analysing Institutional Set-up of Forest Management in Pakistan," PIDE Research Report 2001:182, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    2. Oliver E. Williamson, 2000. "The New Institutional Economics: Taking Stock, Looking Ahead," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 38(3), pages 595-613, September.
    3. Azhar, Rauf A, 1993. "Commons, Regulation, and Rent-Seeking Behavior: The Dilemma of Pakistan's Guzara Forests," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 42(1), pages 115-129, October.
    4. Hasan, Lubna Hasan, 2001. "Forest Management," MPRA Paper 6457, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Nabli, Mustapha K. & Nugent, Jeffrey B., 1989. "The New Institutional Economics and its applicability to development," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 17(9), pages 1333-1347, September.
    6. Rauf A. Azhar, 1989. "Communal Property Rights and Depletion of Forests in Northern Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 28(4), pages 643-651.
    7. Aron, Janine, 2000. "Growth and Institutions: A Review of the Evidence," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 15(1), pages 99-135, February.
    8. Angelsen, Arild & Kaimowitz, David, 1999. "Rethinking the Causes of Deforestation: Lessons from Economic Models," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 14(1), pages 73-98, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ahmad, Adnan & Liu, QI-Jing & Nizami, S.M. & Mannan, Abdul & Saeed, Sajjad, 2018. "Carbon emission from deforestation, forest degradation and wood harvest in the temperate region of Hindukush Himalaya, Pakistan between 1994 and 2016," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 781-790.
    2. Saif Ullah & Yixiong Wu & Azeem Iqbal Khan, 2023. "Evaluating the Socioeconomic Factors on Deforestation in Northern Pakistan: A Study on Existing Economic Incentive Tools for Reducing Deforestation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Mazhar Biland & Alam Zeb & Ayat Ullah & Harald Kaechele, 2021. "Why Do Households Depend on the Forest for Income? Analysis of Factors Influencing Households’ Decision-Making Behaviors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Hasan, Lubna, 2020. "Fifty Years of Debate on Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons – A Reflection," MPRA Paper 108210, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Noor Ul Haq & George Kontakiotis & Hammad Tariq Janjuhah & Fazlur Rahman & Iffat Tabassum & Usman Khan & Jamil Khan & Zahir Ahmad & Naveed Jamal, 2022. "Environmental Risk Assessment in the Hindu Kush Himalayan Mountains of Northern Pakistan: Palas Valley, Kohistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-14, December.
    6. Zeb, Alam & Hamann, Andreas & Armstrong, Glen W. & Acuna-Castellanos, Dante, 2019. "Identifying local actors of deforestation and forest degradation in the Kalasha valleys of Pakistan," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 56-64.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    State Failures; Deforestation;

    JEL classification:

    • Q23 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Forestry
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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