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Pauses and reversals of infant mortality decline in India in 2017 and 2018

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  • Drèze, Jean
  • Gupta, Aashish
  • Parashar, Sai Ankit
  • Sharma, Kanika

Abstract

This note examines recent trends in infant mortality in India, based on summary reports from the Sample Registration System (SRS). We find evidence of slowdown, pauses, and reversals in infant mortality decline in large parts of India in 2017 and 2018, the last two years for which SRS data are available. In urban areas, the infant mortality rate stagnated at 23 deaths per 1,000 births between 2016 and 2018. Worse, overall infant mortality increased in the poorer states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh in this period. This occurred despite sustained improvements in household access to sanitation and clean fuel. One possible interpretation of these findings is that, in addition to their impact on unemployment and poverty, the demonetization experiment in late 2016 and the subsequent economic slowdown had an adverse effect on child health. In any case, these trends reinforce earlier evidence of faltering human development in India in recent years.

Suggested Citation

  • Drèze, Jean & Gupta, Aashish & Parashar, Sai Ankit & Sharma, Kanika, 2020. "Pauses and reversals of infant mortality decline in India in 2017 and 2018," SocArXiv aqrfn, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:socarx:aqrfn
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/aqrfn
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    2. Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. & Cornia, Giovanni A. & Leon, David A. & Mesle, France, 1998. "Causes of the Russian mortality crisis: Evidence and interpretations," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(11), pages 1995-2011, November.
    3. Kochanek, K.D. & Maurer, J.D. & Rosenberg, H.M., 1994. "Why did black life expectancy decline from 1984 through 1989 in the United States?," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 84(6), pages 938-944.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pal, Soumya, 2021. "Weather Shock, Agricultural Productivity and Infant Health: A Tale of Environmental Injustice," GLO Discussion Paper Series 965, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    2. Gupta, Aashish & Mani, Sneha, 2020. "Routes to improved mortality monitoring: Evidence from the Kerala MARANAM Study," SocArXiv jachq, Center for Open Science.
    3. Neeraj Kumar & Arup Mitra, 2021. "What Causes Poor Child Health in India? Reflections from NFHS-5," IEG Working Papers 414, Institute of Economic Growth.

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