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ASC Certified Shrimp: Can Extensive Shrimp Farming Benefit? A case study of Indonesia

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  • Marieke Douma
  • Jeroen van Wijk

Abstract

The Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) is a multi-stakeholder network that has generated a new industry standard for sustainable shrimp production. Will this standard marginalize the millions of poor shrimp farmers across the world that operate in extensive pond systems, or could the standard help them with affordable sustainable production approaches and new market opportunities? This study offers an historical snapshot of a ‘value chain partnership’ in development while addressing the question of how the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) standard network can generate institutional changes that advance the inclusion of extensive shrimp farmers in the global value chain of shrimp? The study involves a desk study and in-depth interviews with 16 stakeholders along the Indonesian-European shrimp value chain, the majority of them in Indonesia. The focus is on three aspects: (a) the overlap and friction in the ‘theories of change’ of the ASC-shrimp network stakeholders; (b) the perceived institutional divide between the ASC requirements and the customs in Indonesian extensive shrimp farming; (c) the likelihood that the ASC-shrimp network succeeds in creating a supportive constituency in Indonesia for the changes in shrimp farming which the ASC standard brings along. The most significant finding is that the ASC-shrimp network is not yet consistent in its objectives and strategies. The ASC lead organizations are presently not focused on the inclusion of extensive shrimp farmers in the ASC-certified shrimp value chain. The Indonesian extensive shrimp farmers and shrimp processors and exporters do not care much. They have alternative export markets that are more important than Europe. However, most other stakeholders – the lead firms in the chain, the Indonesian government, and Indonesian NGOs - tend to embrace the ASC shrimp standard because the sustainability changes envisaged by the standard fit their own objectives quite well.

Suggested Citation

  • Marieke Douma & Jeroen van Wijk, 2012. "ASC Certified Shrimp: Can Extensive Shrimp Farming Benefit? A case study of Indonesia," Working Papers 2012/46, Maastricht School of Management.
    • Handle: RePEc:msm:wpaper:2012/46
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    File URL: http://web2.msm.nl/RePEc/msm/wpaper/MSM-WP2012-46.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gulbrandsen, Lars H., 2009. "The emergence and effectiveness of the Marine Stewardship Council," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 654-660, July.
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    1. Atika Wijaya & Pieter Glasbergen & Pieter Leroy & Ari Darmastuti, 2018. "Governance challenges of cocoa partnership projects in Indonesia: seeking synergy in multi-stakeholder arrangements for sustainable agriculture," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 129-153, February.

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