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Alla ricerca del residuo fiscale: una proposta di chiarificazione metodologica

Author

Listed:
  • Giorgio Brosio

    (Università di Torino)

  • Stefano Piperno

    (Centro studi sul federalismo, Torino)

Abstract

La stima del residuo fiscale è uno degli esercizi di statistica applicata alla finanza pubblica più popolari negli stati ove esistono tensioni, o conflitti, fra le unità politiche che li costituiscono, cioè stati federati, regioni, province e comuni. Infatti, il residuo fiscale fornisce una stima, basata su una serie d’ipotesi d’incidenza spaziale delle spese e delle entrate, della differenza fra quanto denaro il governo centrale inietta in una regione, ed estrae da essa. Il calcolo del residuo è un’operazione analiticamente complessa e dipendente da informazioni non sempre disponibili e dalla formulazione d’ipotesi precise d’incidenza spaziale delle spese e delle entrate di bilancio. La forte valenza politica del residuo fiscale spiega, non solo la ricchezza degli studi, ma anche la varietà delle impostazioni seguite e quindi delle ipotesi d’incidenza spaziale formulate. A sua volta, questo limita la confrontabilità dei risultati e anche la loro utilizzazione a fini di politiche pubbliche, che non siano regionalmente partigiane. Il calcolo del residuo dovrebbe essere fatto sulla base di una metodologia standardizzata di contabilità nazionale, che ancora non esiste. Questo scritto riconosce questa situazione di difficoltà e intende contribuire alla sua soluzione tramite la chiarificazione e la netta separazione metodologica delle due impostazioni prevalenti nella letteratura, rispettivamente quella del sostegno al reddito monetario e quella dell’impatto sul benessere delle persone. Viene anche presentata una rassegna degli studi italiani, che evidenzia come la disparità delle metodologie conduca a differenze nei risultati e nelle implicazioni di politica che i loro autori ne fanno derivare.

Suggested Citation

  • Giorgio Brosio & Stefano Piperno, 2021. "Alla ricerca del residuo fiscale: una proposta di chiarificazione metodologica," Working papers 103, Società Italiana di Economia Pubblica.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipu:wpaper:103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Núria Bosch & Marta Espasa & Albert Solé Ollé (ed.), 2010. "The Political Economy of Inter-Regional Fiscal Flows," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 13466, December.
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    4. Giuseppe C. Ruggeri, 2010. "Inter-regional Fiscal Flows: Canada," Chapters, in: Núria Bosch & Marta Espasa & Albert Solé Ollé (ed.), The Political Economy of Inter-Regional Fiscal Flows, chapter 6, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Giampaolo Arachi & Caterina Ferrario & Alberto Zanardi, 2010. "Regional Redistribution and Risk Sharing in Italy: The Role of Different Tiers of Government," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(1), pages 55-69.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    politiche di bilancio; redistribuzione regionale; saldi regionali del bilancio statale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • H60 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - General

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