Artificial Intelligence in Autonomous Vehicles: towards trustworthy systems

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the main enabler of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), and autonomous mobility is a scenario of high-risk nature, sectorial regulations of AVs are expected to be aligned with the AI Act. Beyond requirements of safety and robustness, other important criteria to be considered include human agency and oversight, security, privacy, data governance, transparency, explainability, diversity, fairness, social and environmental wellbeing and accountability. These trustworthy requirements for AVs have a heterogeneous level of maturity and bring new research and development challenges in different areas. A specific analysis of the evaluation criteria for trustworthy AI in the context of autonomous driving is needed. There is a window of opportunity to define a European approach to AVs in future implementing acts, by including requirements of trustworthy AI systems in future procedures for the type-approval of AVs at EU level.