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La privatización y la reestructuración de la fuerza laboral en todo el mundo

Author

Listed:
  • Alberto Chong
  • Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) Los críticos de la privatización sostienen que una reestructuración insuficiente de la fuerza laboral es una inquietud clave y que los gobiernos deberían crear mejores programas de reducción. Ponemos a prueba, empleando datos nuevos de una muestra aleatoria de 400 compañías de todo el mundo, las teorías en pugna acerca del acierto de los programas de reducción y sus repercusiones sobre los precios que pagan los compradores y las políticas de reenganche de los propietarios privados a continuación de una privatización. Nuestros resultados demuestran que los programas de reducción que llevan a cabo los gobiernos antes de una privatización están plagados de problemas de selección adversa. Al controlar la naturaleza endógena, varias políticas de reducción laboral tienen efectos negativos sobre los precios netos de la privatización. A modo de confirmación del argumento a favor de la selección adversa, varios tipos de redimensionamiento voluntario conducen a una mayor frecuencia de reenganche de los mismos trabajadores por parte de los nuevos dueños de la empresa privatizada. Los programas obligatorios basados en la capacitación son el único tipo de programas que guardan algún tipo de relación con precios más elevados y niveles más bajos de reenganche tras la privatización, pero los costos políticos y económicos de esta política pueden hacerla poco práctica. Lo más adecuado con respecto a la reducción laboral antes de una privatización parece ser una decisión moderada de no intervenir.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto Chong & Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, 2003. "La privatización y la reestructuración de la fuerza laboral en todo el mundo," Research Department Publications 4330, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4330
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    References listed on IDEAS

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