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Development, culture, and attitudes to America: country-level predictors of anti-Americanism

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  • Kirill Zhirkov

    (National Research University Higher School of Economics)

Abstract

The present study examines survey data from 45 countries by the means of factor and regression analyses in order to understand the nature and causes of anti-Americanism. Empirical results reveal a clear distinction between cultural and political anti-Americanism. The former involves negative attitudes towards American culture and its global spread, whereas the latter is specifically focused on disapproval of the U.S. foreign policies. The two forms of anti-Americanism also differ in their relationship to socioeconomic development. Cultural anti-Americanism is most widespread in countries with average levels of Human Development Index, whereas political anti-Americanism is stronger in the most developed societies. This study finds that Muslim societies are characterized by higher levels of both cultural and political anti-Americanism. On the whole, these findings indicate that anti-Americanism follows consistent country-level patterns and likely has universal roots which should be studied within a comparative framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Kirill Zhirkov, 2014. "Development, culture, and attitudes to America: country-level predictors of anti-Americanism," HSE Working papers WP BRP 35/SOC/2014, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:hig:wpaper:35/soc/2014
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    File URL: http://www.hse.ru/data/2014/02/11/1327625536/35SOC2014.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Matthew A. Gentzkow & Jesse M. Shapiro, 2004. "Media, Education and Anti-Americanism in the Muslim World," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(3), pages 117-133, Summer.
    2. Blaydes, Lisa & Linzer, Drew A., 2012. "Elite Competition, Religiosity, and Anti-Americanism in the Islamic World," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 106(2), pages 225-243, May.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    anti-Americanism; socioeconomic development; culture; world politics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Z - Other Special Topics

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