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Regional Carbon Markets in China: Cointegration and Heterogeneity

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  • Lyu, Chenyan

    (Copenhagen School of Energy Infrastructure, Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School)

Abstract

China accounts for the largest share of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions. The scale and growth of industrial activities and energy consumption in China explain the high level of emissions. Achieving “carbon neutrality” through administrative means can be effective but also costly and inefficient. The emission trading scheme is a way to put a price on carbon. The absence of such a mechanism could let low efficiency continue, delay the adoption of clean energy practices, risk a shortage of energy, and even allow corruption in regulation of emissions. In 2013, the government introduced pilot emission trading schemes; and a national ETS, which has started trading since June 2021, is becoming the world’s largest carbon market. This paper focuses on the fragmentation of and integration levels within China’s regional Emission Trading Schemes (ETSs) and the potential models the regional schemes — in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hubei, and Guangdong — offer for national effectiveness. The empirical results from this study suggest the general low level of co-integration in China’s ETS pilots within the sample period may be due to the different economic development levels, energy structures, and degrees of government supervision in each pilot as well as different choices of sector coverage and market threshold in regional ETSs. As the national ETS is at a key stage of construction, greater attention should be paid to exploring reasons for differences among the regional pilot carbon markets, to improve market mechanisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Lyu, Chenyan, 2021. "Regional Carbon Markets in China: Cointegration and Heterogeneity," Working Papers 13-2021, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:cbsnow:2021_013
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    Cited by:

    1. Lyu, Chenyan & Jamasb, Tooraj & Spanholtz, Jan Peter Georg, 2021. "The Long Covid of Energy Markets and Prices," Working Papers 16-2021, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics, revised 02 Nov 2021.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Carbon markets; China’s regional emissions trading; Emission allowances; Market architecture; Cointegration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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