The Mediterranean Olympics games : ambivalent material and immaterial legacies[Les Jeux olympiques méditerranéens : des héritages matériels et immatériels ambivalents]

What are the lasting effects of the transience of the Olympic Games through their held in the Mediterranean world? The Mediterranean area with its features Does it impose specific conditions for the development of sites Olympic Games in the field of regional planning? This communication is the result of a doctorate defended in 2008 at the University of Toulouse le-Mirail: Barcelona the city-exhibition, the Catalan city through its universal and international exhibitions and Olympic Games 1888-2004. Athens 2004 completes our research and allows us to put it into perspective. Our conclusions relate to three points. (1) Debts full of promise and disillusionment sometimes, between a leap forward and the catalytic effect of these very large urban infrastructure projects, there is a dividing line between: (a) the ability of cities to offer the famous support process post Olympic of their facilities thanks to a successful programmatic very long-term installations through the so-called reuse technique public/private participatory, (b) on the contrary the revelation of an uncommon mismanagement measure for Athens 2004 and the intangible negative effects on the image of an entire country are harmful (controversy by Jacques Rogge on the impact negative from Athens 2004 and on the public accounts of Greece). (2) Spaces tourist audiences and transports of the Olympics tend to give a positive image of its capitals in the long term (Rome, Athens, Barcelona) with the risks of mass tourism for Barcelona as that of the maintenance of the recent Olympic Museum of Montjuich. (3) The memory of Games in the Mediterranean world remains pregnant and troubled nationalists and communitarians, even rivalries between urban elites. The specificities of the Mediterranean world stand out. "No prophet is acceptable in his own country" (Luk. 4:24)