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Microéconomie de l'innovation

Author

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  • Claude Crampes

    (GREMAQ - Groupe de recherche en économie mathématique et quantitative - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • David Encaoua

    (EUREQUA - Equipe Universitaire de Recherche en Economie Quantitative - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Ce chapitre est consacré aux aspects microéconomiques de l'innovation. La première partie détaille les mécanismes élémentaires qui poussent les entreprises à innover et les freins à leur effort quand l'appropriation des résultats n'est pas parfaite. La deuxième partie présente la distinction entre innovation de produit et innovation de procédé. La troisième partie s'intéresse aux aspects stratégiques et dynamiques de l'innovation en analysant les modèles d'enchères et les courses au brevet. Deux effets sont analysés, d'une part, celui de la concurrence pour l'obtention de l'innovation et, d'autre part, celui de la concurrence sur le marché des produits. On examine ainsi la validité de l'argument schumpétérien qui fait des monopoles les moteurs essentiels de la R&D. La quatrième partie examine les facteurs influençant le rythme des innovations. La cinquième partie aborde l'aspect spatial et sectoriel de l'économie de l'innovation en introduisant les effets externes positifs créés dans l'entourage des innovateurs (effets de débordement et effets d'agglomération). Enfin, la sixième partie est consacrée aux instruments institutionnels qui permettent de promouvoir l'effort de R&D, en particulier le système des brevets et des licences.

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Crampes & David Encaoua, 2005. "Microéconomie de l'innovation," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00185310, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-00185310
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00185310
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bresnahan, Timothy F. & Trajtenberg, M., 1995. "General purpose technologies 'Engines of growth'?," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 83-108, January.
    2. David Encaoua & Abraham Hollander, 2002. "Competition Policy and Innovation," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 18(1), pages 63-79, Spring.
    3. Jan Boone, 2000. "Competitive Pressure: The Effects on Investments in Product and Process Innovation," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 31(3), pages 549-569, Autumn.
    4. Claude Crampes & Corinne Langinier, 2002. "Litigation and Settlement in Patent Infringement Cases," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 33(2), pages 258-274, Summer.
    5. Wright, Brian Davern, 1983. "The Economics of Invention Incentives: Patents, Prizes, and Research Contracts," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(4), pages 691-707, September.
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    1. Sadraoui, Tarek & Ben Zina, Naceur, 2007. "Coopération en R&D et croissance économique : Une analyse par les données de panel dynamique [R&D Cooperation and economic growth: A dynamic panel data analysis]," MPRA Paper 3415, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Iritié, Bi Goli Jean Jacques, 2015. "Conditions of diffusion of competitiveness clusters' technologies: A brief theoretical note," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 7(10), pages 66-73.

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