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Stock Market Efficiency and Economic Efficiency: Is There a Connection?

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Author Info
James Dow
Gary Gorton

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Abstract

In a capitalist economy prices serve to equilibrate supply and demand for goods and services, continually changing to reallocate resources to their most efficient uses. However, secondary stock market prices, often viewed as the most "informationally efficient" prices in the economy, have no direct role in the allocation of equity capital since mangers have discretion in determining the level of investment. What is the link between stock price informational efficiency and economic efficiency?

We present a model of the stock market in which: (i) managers have discretion in making investments and must be given the right incentives; and (ii) stock market traders may have important information that managers do not have about the value of prospective investment opportunities. In equilibrium, information in stock prices will guide investment decisions because managers will be compensated based on informative stock prices in the future.

The stock market indirectly guides investment by transferring two kinds of information: information about investment opportunities and information about managers’ past decisions. The fact that stock prices only have an indirect role suggests that the stock market may not be a necessary institution for the efficient allocation of equity. We emphasize this by providing an example of a banking system that performs as well.

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Paper provided by Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research in its series Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers with number 16-95.

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Handle: RePEc:fth:pennfi:16-95

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Diamond, Douglas W. & Verrecchia, Robert E., 1981. "Information aggregation in a noisy rational expectations economy," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 221-235, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. James Dow & Gary Gorton, 1994. "Noise Trading, Delegated Portfolio Management, and Economic Welfare," NBER Working Papers 4858, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Biais, Bruno & Hillion, Pierre, 1994. "Insider and Liquidity Trading in Stock and Options Markets," Review of Financial Studies, Oxford University Press for Society for Financial Studies, vol. 7(4), pages 743-80. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Robert A. Korajczyk & Deborah J. Lucas & Robert L. McDonald, 1989. "Understanding Stock Price Behavior around the Time of Equity Issues," NBER Working Papers 3170, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Lucas, Deborah J & McDonald, Robert L, 1990. " Equity Issues and Stock Price Dynamics," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 45(4), pages 1019-43, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Kihlstrom, Richard E. & Matthews, Steven A., 1990. "Managerial incentives in an entrepreneurial stock market model," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 57-79, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Fischer, Stanley & Merton, Robert C., 1984. "Macroeconomics and finance: The role of the stock market," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 57-108, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Timothy F. Bresnahan & Paul Milgrom & Jonathan Paul, 1992. "The Real Output of the Stock Exchange," NBER Chapters, in: Output Measurement in the Service Sectors, pages 195-216 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
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  12. Diamond, Douglas W, 1984. "Financial Intermediation and Delegated Monitoring," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 51(3), pages 393-414, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  15. Ivo Welch, 1994. "The Cross-sectional Determinants of Corporate Capital Expenditures: A Multinational Comparison," Finance _002, University of California at Los Angeles. [Downloadable!]
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  16. Dow, James & Gorton, Gary, 1994. " Arbitrage Chains," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(3), pages 819-49, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Dow James & Gorton Gary, 1995. "Profitable Informed Trading in a Simple General Equilibrium Model of Asset Pricing," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 327-369, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Hayashi, Fumio, 1982. "Tobin's Marginal q and Average q: A Neoclassical Interpretation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 213-24, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Barro, Robert J, 1990. "The Stock Market and Investment," Review of Financial Studies, Oxford University Press for Society for Financial Studies, vol. 3(1), pages 115-31. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. James Dow & Itay Goldstein & Alexander Guembel, 2005. "Commitment to Overinvest and Price Informativeness," OFRC Working Papers Series 2005fe18, Oxford Financial Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
  2. Ljungqvist, Alexander & Boehmer, Ekkehart, 2004. "On the decision to go public : Evidence from privately-held firms," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2004,16, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
  3. Alexander Gümbel, 2000. "Myopic Traders, Efficiency and Taxation," OFRC Working Papers Series 2000fe05, Oxford Financial Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
  4. Franks, Julian R & Mayer, Colin, 2001. "Ownership and Control of German Corporations," CEPR Discussion Papers 2898, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Antonio Bernardo & Kenneth Judd, 1997. "Efficiency of Asset Markets with Asymmetric Information," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management 1130, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA. [Downloadable!]
  6. Guglielmo Maria Caporale, & Peter G. A Howells, & Alaa M. Soliman,, 2003. "Endogenous growth and Stock Market Development," Discussion Papers 0302, University of the West of England, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  7. Foucault, Thierry & Gehrig, Thomas, 2006. "Stock Price Informativeness, Cross-Listings and Investment Decisions," CEPR Discussion Papers 5722, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  8. Chirinko, Robert S. & Schaller, Huntley, 2003. "A Revealed Preference Approach. To Understanding Corporate Governance Problems: Evidence From Canada," Economics Series 135, Institute for Advanced Studies. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Narjess Boubakri & Jean-Claude Cosset & Omrance Guedhami, 2001. "Liberalization, Corporate Governance, and the Performance of Newly Privatized Firms," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 419, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
  10. Basak, Suleyman & Pavlova, Anna, 2003. "Monopoly Power And The Firm'S Valuation: A Dynamic Analysis Of Short Versus Long-Term Policies," Working papers 4234-01, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management. [Downloadable!]
  11. Christopher Polk & Paola Sapienza, 2004. "The Real Effects of Investor Sentiment," NBER Working Papers 10563, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  12. Murillo Campello & John Graham, 2007. "Do Stock Prices Influence Corporate Decisions? Evidence from the Technology Bubble," NBER Working Papers 13640, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Randall K. Filer & Jan Hanousek & Nauro F. Campos, 1999. "Do Stock Markets Promote Economic Growth," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 267, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  14. Alexander Gümbel, 2005. "Should short-term speculators be taxed, or subsidised?," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 1(3), pages 327-348, 08. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Martin Dierker, 2006. "Endogenous Information Acquisition with Cournot Competition," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 2(4), pages 369-395, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Ferreira, Daniel & Ferreira, Miguel A. & Raposo, Clara C., 2008. "Board Structure and Price Informativeness," CEI Working Paper Series 2008-4, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. [Downloadable!]
  17. Franklin Allen & Richard Herring, 2001. "Banking Regulation versus Securities Market Regulation," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 01-29, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
  18. Philip Bond & Itay Goldstein & Edward S. Prescott, 2006. "Market-based regulation and the informational content of prices," Working Paper 06-12, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. [Downloadable!]
  19. George-Marios Angeletos & Guido Lorenzoni & Alessandro Pavan, 2007. "Wall Street and Silicon Valley: A Delicate Interaction," NBER Working Papers 13475, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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